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1、UsingMassiveOnlineChoiceExperimentstoMeasureChangesinWell-beingErikBrynjolfssonMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyandNBERFelixEggersUniversityofGroningenAvinashGannamaneniMassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyOctober2017AbstractGDPandmetricsderivedfromit,likeproductivity,havebeence
2、ntraltoourunderstandingofeconomicprogressandwell-being.Inprinciple,changesinconsumersurplus(compensatingexpenditure)provideasuperior,andmoredirect,measureofchangesinconsumerwell-being,especiallyfordigitalgoods.Inpractice,consumersurplushasbeendifficulttomeasure.Weexplorethepot
3、entialofonlineSingleBinaryDiscreteChoice(SBDC)experimentsthatseektomeasureconsumers’willingnesstoacceptcompensationforlosingaccesstovariousdigitalgoodsandtherebyestimatethechangesinconsumersurplusfromthesegoods.Wetesttherobustnessoftheapproachandbenchmarkitagainstestablishedme
4、thods,includingacomparisonofhypotheticalchoiceandincentivecompatiblechoicethatrequireparticipantstogiveupFacebookforaperiodoftimeinexchangeforcompensation.Theproposedchoiceexperimentsshowconvergentvalidityandaremassivelyscalable.Ourresultsindicatethatdigitalgoodshavecreatedeno
5、rmousgainsinwell-beingwhicharelargelymissedbyconventionalmeasuresofGDPandproductivity.Byperiodicallyqueryingalarge,representativesampleofgoodsandservices,includingthosewhicharenotpricedinexistingmarkets,changesinconsumersurplusandothernewmeasuresofwell-beingderivedfromtheseonl
6、inechoiceexperimentshavethepotentialforprovidingcost-effectivesupplementstoexistingnationalincomeandproductaccounts.Keywords:ConsumerSurplus,DigitalGoods,FreeGoods,GDP,ChoiceExperiments,Well-beingJELClassification:C82,I30,O40Acknowledgements:WethankSusantoBasu,ErwinDiewert,Rob
7、ertHall,JohnHauser,LeonardNakamura,JeffPrince,AdamSaunders,ChristopherStantonandparticipantsoftheNBERSummerworkshopfortheConferenceonResearchonIncomeandWealth(CRIW2016),NBERWinterDigitizationmeeting(2017)andNBERProductivitylunch(2017)forhelpfulcommentsandtheMITInitiativeontheD
8、igitalEconomy,throughagrantfromtheMarkleFoundation,forgenerou
