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1、WANGLAYOUT_Layout14/19/1312:11PMPage74NEXTGENERATIONCOGNITIVECELLULARNETWORKSWIDEBANDSPECTRUMSENSINGFORCOGNITIVERADIONETWORKS:ASURVEYHONGJIANSUN,DURHAMUNIVERSITYARUMUGAMNALLANATHAN,KING’SCOLLEGELONDONCHENG-XIANGWANG,HERIOT-WATTUNIVERSITYYUNFEICHEN,UNIVERSITYOFWARWICKABSTRACTharmfulinter
2、ferencetothePUs.Furthermore,PUshavenoobligationtoshareandchangeCognitiveradiohasemergedasoneofthetheiroperatingparametersforsharingspectrummostpromisingcandidatesolutionstoimprovewithcognitiveradionetworks.Hence,cognitivespectrumutilizationinnextgenerationcellularradiosshouldbeabletoind
3、ependentlydetectnetworks.Acrucialrequirementforfuturecog-spectralopportunitieswithoutanyassistancenitiveradionetworksiswidebandspectrumsens-fromPUs;thisabilityiscalledspectrumsensing,ing:secondaryusersreliablydetectspectralwhichisconsideredoneofthemostcriticalcom-opportunitiesacrossawid
4、efrequencyrange.Inponentsincognitiveradionetworks.thisarticle,variouswidebandspectrumsensingManynarrowbandspectrumsensingalgo-algorithmsarepresented,togetherwithadiscus-rithmshavebeenstudiedintheliterature[4,ref-sionoftheprosandconsofeachalgorithmanderencestherein],includingmatchedfilte
5、ring,thechallengingissues.Specialattentionispaidenergydetection[5],andcyclostationaryfeaturetotheuseofsub-Nyquisttechniques,includingdetection.Whilepresentnarrowbandspectrumcompressivesensingandmultichannelsub-sensingalgorithmshavefocusedonexploitingNyquistsamplingtechniques.spectralopp
6、ortunitiesovernarrowfrequencyrange,cognitiveradionetworkswilleventuallyINTRODUCTIONberequiredtoexploitspectralopportunitiesoverawidefrequencyrangefromhundredsofRadiofrequency(RF)spectrumisavaluablebutmegahertztoseveralgigahertzforachievingtightlyregulatedresourceduetoitsuniqueandhighero
7、pportunisticthroughput.Thisisdrivenimportantroleinwirelesscommunications.WithbyShannon’sfamousformulathat,undercertaintheproliferationofwirelessservices,theconditions,themaximumtheoreticallyachiev-demandsfortheRFspectrumareconstantlyablebitrateisdirectlyproportionaltothespec-in
