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1、2208IEEETRANSACTIONSONVEHICULARTECHNOLOGY,VOL.65,NO.4,APRIL2016EnergySpectralEfficiencyTradeoffinCognitiveRadioNetworksWenshengZhang,Member,IEEE,Cheng-XiangWang,SeniorMember,IEEE,DiChen,andHailiangXiong,Member,IEEEAbstractInthispaper,weproposeageneralframeworkto
2、PUsspectrumifitsinterferencetothePUsystemsisbelowaevaluatethetradeoffbetweenenergyefficiency(EE)andspectralgiventhreshold[6].Theinstantaneous(short-term)orstatisticalefficiency(SE)incognitiveradionetworks(CRNs).Theproposed(long-term)transmitpowerconstraintsshould
3、beimposedtoframeworkisdiscussedinthreetypicalCRNparadigms:underlaytheUCRNs,tolimitharmfulinterference[7].However,theCRNs(UCRNs),overlayCRNs(OCRNs),andinterweaveCRNs(ICRNs).TheEESErelationforthreeCRNsisexpressedinthetransmitpowershouldbesufficientlylargetosatisfy
4、thequalityclosed-formformulation,inwhichtheoptimal(suboptimal)EEofservice(QoS)requirementsofUCRNs.AnOCRNearnssolutionasthefunctionofSEisdeducedwiththecorrespondingtheadditionalspectrumfortheircommunicationsfromthePUlimits.Thetheoreticalanalysisandnumericalresul
5、tsindicatethatsystemsbyrelayingthePUsdatapackets.TheOCRNshavetheEESErelationinCRNsisnotcontrary,i.e.,anoptimaltospendpartoftheirtransmitpowertoassist(orrelay)theEESEtradeoffcanbeachieved.Theproposedframeworkpro-videsausefulguidanceinthedesignofpracticalgreenCRN
6、s.PUstransmissions[5].TheOCRNsshouldalsosatisfytheQoSrequirementsforthetransmitpower.AnICRNopportunisti-IndexTermsCognitiveradionetworks(CRNs),energycallyaccessesthewhitespectrumholes,whichbelongtotheefficiency(EE),energyspectralefficiencytradeoff,spectralefficien
7、cy(SE).PUsystemsbutarenotoccupied.Spectrumsensing(SS)anddynamicspectrumaccess(DSA)techniquesareusedtolocatethewhitespectrumandreturnthosefrequencybandstothePUI.INTRODUCTIONsystemsintime[8].TheUCRNsandICRNshavetomeettwoOGNITIVEradionetworks(CRNs),aimingtodealwit
8、hrequirements:QoSrequirementsandinterferencelimits.TheseCthecurrentscarcityofusefulspectrumbydramaticallytwokindsofCRNsworkinginanunderlaywayshouldfindimprovingthespectraleffi
