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1、OOKSINUMBERSSeventy-FifthAnniversaryoftheHARVA.RD-YenchingLibraryConferencePapersEssaysbyLucilleChia•DaiLongji•ChingChunHsiehandChaoChenChen•WiltL.Idema•AdamL.Kern•HyeonKimLiaoPing-hui•StevenK.Luk•DavidB.LurieEdwardMack•ShawnMcHale•AkiraMiyazawaMichaelPuett•EvelynS.Raws
2、ki•EdwardL.ShaughnessyBoudewijnWalraven•EugeneWang•SusanWhitfieldEditedbyWiltL.IdemaHarvard-YenchingLibraryHarvardUniversityCambridge,MassachusettsAoo7墨子制作2CyiieTemptationsofSagehood,or:TheRiseandDeclineofSagelyWritinginEarlyChinaMichaelPuett---------@55©---------Allowm
3、etoopenwithaquotationfromWangChong(27-c.100):Someoneasked:“Theworthiesandsageswerenotbornfornothing;theynecessarilyhadthatforwhichtheyusedtheirminds.StartingfromthelikesofConfuciusandMoziiS“pandgoingtothedisciplesXunziandMengzi3a~F,theirteachingswerecreatedandhandeddown
4、aswritings(wenliC).Whyisthis?”Iresponded:“Thesagescreatedtheclassics,andworthiestransmittedtherecords.Theycorrectedthedegeneratecustoms,guidingthepeopleanddirectingthemtoreturntosubstanceandsincerity.The13,000pianoftextsinthe“Liuliie”increasedthegoodanddecreasedthebad..
5、.1AccordingtoWangChong,thecausesofthistremendousproliferationoftextsfromthefifthcenturyB.C.tohisowndayweretwofold.ThemostsignificantwasthedegenerationfromtheWesternZhoujH(c.1050-771B.C.).Itwasthis,forexample,thatpromptedConfucius(551—479B.C.)towritetheSpringandAutumnAnn
6、ais:ConfuciuscreatedtheSpringandAutumnAnnalswhentheZhouhaddegenerated.Hethereforeheldupthetiniestgoodandcriticizedthesmallest墨子制作24MichaelPuectbad;hediscardedthedisorderandrestoredthecorrect.Thewayofthepeopleandthewayoftherulerswereputinorder—Thus,ifthewayoftheZhouhadno
7、tdeclined,thepeoplewouldnothavebeenuncultured;ifthepeoplehadnotbeenuncultured,theSpringandAutumnAnruxlswouldnothavebeencreated.2ForWangChong,writingwasundertakenbysagesinordertorectifyadegeneration.Worthiesalsobeganwritingforthesamereason:HadtheHanstatenotbeensmallandwe
8、ak,andhaditslawsandstandardsnotdeclined,thenthebookofHanFeiIt^wouldnothavebeenmade.3Writing,inotherwords,becam
