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ID:39534002
大小:265.32 KB
页数:31页
时间:2019-07-05
《物流英语课件ChapterIII》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、ChapterIIIInventoryManagementOutline-1PartIConceptandpurposesofinventoryConceptofinventoryPurposeofinventoryFacilitateseconomiesofscaleOffersameansofbalancingsupplyanddemandProvidesprotectionfromuncertaindemandSpecializationInventoryasabufferExcessiveinventoryOutline-2PartIIInventoryTypesandInvento
2、ryManagementInventoryisriskyInventoryTypesManufacturerinventoryWholesalerinventoryRetailerinventoryInventoryManagementNewTrendsofInventoryManagementMRP&DRPOutline-3PartIIISupplementaryReadingJust-in-timeInventoryManagementIntroductionofjust-in-timeJITconceptAdvantageandDisadvantageofJITZeroinventory
3、PartIConceptandPurposesofInventoryConceptofinventoryInventoryiscostly.Inventoryisalargeandcostlyinvestment.Bettermanagementoffirminventoriescanimprovecashflowandreturnoninvestment.Theinventoryrequirementsofafirmdependonthenetworkstructureandthedesiredlevelofcustomerservice.Theoretically,afirmcouldst
4、ockeveryitemsoldinafacilitydedicatedtoserveeachcustomer.Fewbusinessoperationscouldaffordsuchalargeinventorycommitmentbecausetheriskandtotalcostwouldbeprohibitive.Theobjectiveistoachievethedesiredcustomerservicewiththeminimuminventory,consistentwithlowesttotalcost.ConceptofinventoryInventoryiscostly.
5、Inventoryisalargeandcostlyinvestment.Bettermanagementoffirminventoriescanimprovecashflowandreturnoninvestment.Theinventoryrequirementsofafirmdependonthenetworkstructureandthedesiredlevelofcustomerservice.Theoretically,afirmcouldstockeveryitemsoldinafacilitydedicatedtoserveeachcustomer.Fewbusinessope
6、rationscouldaffordsuchalargeinventorycommitmentbecausetheriskandtotalcostwouldbeprohibitive.Theobjectiveistoachievethedesiredcustomerservicewiththeminimuminventory,consistentwithlowesttotalcost.PurposesofinventoryFacilitateseconomiesofscale.Managementmaydecide,forexample,topurchaselargequantitiesofa
7、niteminordertoqualifyforadiscount.Orlowertransportationcostsmayberealizedbyshippinglargerquantitiesatonetime.Similarly,alongproductionrunmaysignificantlyreducemanufacturingcosts.Ineverycase,inventoryi
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