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1、情态动词测试热点情态动词的两大特点:1、没有人称、数的变化2、不能单独作谓语,必须与不定式一起构成谓语can1)表“能力”Hecouldspeakfourforeignlanguageswhenhewasyoung,butnowhecanspeakonlyone.如果表示过去经一番努力做成了某事,须用was/wereableto而不用could.例如:Therewasabigfireinthehouse,buthewasabletoescape.Withthehelpofoldpaintingsandphotographs,thepeopleofSt.Pe
2、tersburgwereabletobringbackthebeautyoftheircultureandhistory.2)表“推测”用于否定和疑问句,意为“(不)可能”。例如:Wherecanhebe?Wherecanhehavegone?CanitbeMrWang?以上各句均不能用may来表“推测”意义---可能Itcan’tbetheheadmaster.He’sgonetoShanghai.比较:Itmaynotbetheheadmaster.(不可能)(可能不是)3)表“允许”,意为“可以”。例如:CanIhaveanothercupoftea
3、?Canheleavetheroombeforeyoureturn?Youcan’tsmokehere.在疑问句中可以用could表示更加委婉的语气。例如:CouldIaskyousomething,ifyouarenottoobusy?Yes,_________.No,_______________.怎么回答????youcanI’mafraidnot例Youcouldusemybikeifyoulike.在表“允许”这一意义上,may的用法与can相似。例如:MayIstopworkalittleearliertonight?MightItrouble
4、youforalight?Yes,ofcourseyoumay.(不是might)Or-----Rightorwrong?Yes,youcan.No,youcan’t.No,youmustn’t.典型错误:Mayhebeinthelibrary?Canhebeinthelibrary?Maytheteacherhavefinishedcorrectingourpapers?改为改为Cantheteacherhavefinishedcorrectingourpapers?2.Must/(haveto)1)表“义务”,意为“必须”,否定式为needn’t或no
5、thaveto.例如:---Mustwehandinourhomeworkbeforesupper?---Yes,youmust./No,youneedn’t/don’thaveto.2)表“推测”,意为“肯定”“准是”,只用于肯定句,不用于否定和疑问句。例如;Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswet.3)表“坚持”,意为“非得”;“偏偏要”。例如:Whymustyoumakesomuchnoise?Mustyouleavesosoon?典型错误:Musthisparentsbeexpectinghimatho
6、menow?改为Canhisparentsbeexpectinghimathomenow?Hemustn’thavepassedtheexam;hedidnotworkhardatall.改为Hecan’thavepassedtheexam;hedidnotworkhardatall.注意:mustn’t“不可以,不允许,不应该”3.shall1)用于第二、三人称作主语的陈述句,表示说话人的意愿,如允诺、威胁或命令等。例如:Youshallremainhereuntilallyourpapersarecollected.(命令)Youhopetodestr
7、oyusonebyone.Youshallfail.(警告)Youshallgetthetickettomorrow.(允诺)Heshallbepunished.(威胁)2)用于第一、三人称作主语的疑问句,即ShallI/we/he/theydosth?表示提出意见或建议,(征询听话人的意见)。例如:ShallIdothecleaning?Shalltheboywaitoutsideorcomeinside?Whatshallwedothisevening?4.will1)用于各种人称,表示愿望。意为“愿意”。例如:Amanwhowon’tworkcann
8、everexpecttosucceed.这一含义可以用于if条件句