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时间:2019-07-03
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1、定语从句专项教师用复合句中,修饰某一名词的从句叫定语从句,被修饰的名词或代名词称为先行句。定语从句常由关系词来引导,关系次分为关系代词和关系副词。关系代词和关系副词不但在句中引导定语从句,而且在定语从句中担任成分。理清两种关系词:一.关系代词I.关系代词及其用法(1)who指人,常在句中作主语。例如:Themanisapoliceman.Heisshakinghandswithmyfather.Themanwhoisshakinghandswithmyfatherispoliceman.(2)whom也指人,在从句中作宾语,常常可以省略。例如:
2、TheprofessorhasgonetoShanghai.Youwishtoseehim.Theprofessor(whom)youwishtoseehasgonetoShanghai.(3)whose通常即指人也指物,在从句总常常作定语即whose+n.=n.+ofwhich/whom例1.Iliveinaroom.Itswindowsfacethesouth.Iliveinaroomwhosewindowsfacethesouth=例2.Thisisthewomanscientist.Hernameisknownalloverthecou
3、ntry.ThisisthewomanscientistwhosenameisknownalloverthecountryThattree,whosebranchesarearealmostbare,isveryold.(4)which指物,在从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可以省略例1.Chinaisacountry.Ithasalonghistory..Chinaisacountrywhichhasalonghistory.(5)that既可以指人,又可以指物,,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语里可以省略例1:Thewomanusedtoliv
4、enextdoor.Shespiketomeintheshop例2.TherearesomeinterestingTVplays.I’dliketoseethem注意:such......as......如此。。。以至于例如:Wehaveneverheardsuchstoriesashetells.我们从未听过他讲那样的故事。As引导定语从句,做tell的宾语Thesame......as/that......与。。。一样的例如:Sheworethesamedressasheryoungersisterwore.(as强调事物的相似性)她穿着跟
5、她妹妹穿的一样的裙子SheworethesamedressthatsheworeatMary’swedding.(that指同一事物)她穿着她在玛丽的婚礼上传的那条连衣裙。II.关系副词1、关系副词及其用法(1)when表示时间,其先行词往往表示时间的名词(time,day,hour,year等)。例如:Fromthetimewhenhewaslittle,hehadknownwhathewantedtobewhenhewhenhegrewup.但如果表示时间的名词作动词的宾语时,这时定语从句that╱which/×用引导e.g.l.I’lln
6、everforgetthedayswhich╱that/×Ispentwithmygrandmainthecountry.(2)表示地点,其先行词往往是表示地点的名词(place,room,house,street,area等)。例如:ThisisthehousewhereIusedtoliveayearago.但如果表示地点的名词作动词的宾语时,这时定语从句用引导that/which/×Thisisthehousethat/which/×wesawatthefootofthehill.(3)表示原因,常用先行词thereason后面。例如:I
7、don’tknowthereasonwhyshelooksunhappytoday.但如果作先行词thereason动词的宾语时,这时定语从句用引导that/which/×Thisisthereasonwhich/that/×heexplainedtousjustnow.Thereasonwhich/thatshegivesfornotcomingtothejpartyisthathermotherwon’tlether.Isthatthereasonwhyyouareinfavouroftheproposal?Givemeonegoodrea
8、sonwhyIshouldhelpyou.III、“介词”+which╱whom1)介词的确定方法①根据先行词来确定介词。Thereasonforwh
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