The IV Formulation and Linear Approximations of the AC Optimal Power Flow Problem - Optimal Power Flow Paper 2

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1、OptimalPowerFlowPaper2StaffpaperbyRichardP.O’NeillAnyaCastilloMaryB.CainDecember2012Page1TheIVFormulationandLinearApproximationsoftheACOptimalPowerFlowProblemOptimalPowerFlowPaper2RichardPO’Neill,AnyaCastilloandMaryCainrichard.oneill@ferc.gov;anya.castillo@ferc.gov;mary.cain@fer

2、c.govDecember2012TheauthorsthankRossBaldickforhiscommentsandcontributionsonanearlierdraftAbstractandExecutiveSummaryUnderstandingACOptimalPowerFlowሺACOPFሻisimportantbecauseaonepercentimprovementinapowersystemdispatchcansaveroughlytensofbilliondollarsannually.Inthispaper,weformul

3、atetheACOPFinseveralways,compareeachformulation’sproperties,andarguethatthecurrent‐voltageሺIVሻformulationanditslinearapproximationsmaybeeasiertosolvethanthetraditionalquadraticpowerflowformulations.UnliketheDCmodelthatholdsvoltageconstant,ignoresreactivepowerandassumessmallvolta

4、geangledifferences,theIVformulationsolvesalinearsystemofequationswithoutdecomposition,unnecessaryconstraintsoromissions.Thenonconvexconstraintsneedcarefulconsideration.Forproblemsthataresolvedrepetitivelywithminorvariations,thereisconsiderablepotentialforindividualparametertunin

5、gandpreprocessedconstraints.Forexample,constraintsonanglesandpastiterativelyaddedconstraintsmaybeabletohelp.InitialresultsindicatethattheIVformulationanditslinearapproximationshavepromisetomeetpracticalcomputationalrequirements.Inaddition,steady‐statequadratureconstraintsongener

6、atorsarelinearintheIVformulationandcanbeincludedintheformulation.Additionalformulationtestingandcomputationaltestingareneededtodeterminecommercialfeasibility.IfalinearIVapproximationtotheACOPFprovespromising,itcanbeembeddedintheunitcommitmentmodels,optimaltopologymodelsandotherf

7、ormulationsthatusebinaryvariables.ThisallowstheuseofmixedintegerlinearprogramsሺMIPሻalgorithmsthatareexceptionallyfastandrobusttobettermodelthepowermarkets.Disclaimer:TheviewspresentedarethepersonalviewsoftheauthorsandnottheFederalEnergyRegulatoryCommissionoranyofitsCommissioners

8、.Page2TableofContents1.Introduction42.Notation4