[我,克劳迪斯].(I,Claudius)

《[我,克劳迪斯].(I,Claudius)》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在学术论文-天天文库。

1、I,ClaudiusRobertGravesAUTHOR'SNOTETHE"goldpiece",hereusedastheregularmonetarystand-ard,istheLatinaureus,acoinworthonehundredsestertii^ortwenty-fivesilverdenarii("silverpieces"):itmaybethoughtofasworthroughlyonepoundsterling,orfiveAmericandollars.The"mi

2、le"istheRomanmile,somethirtypacesshorterthantheEnglishmile.ThemarginaldateshaveforconveniencebeengivenaccordingtoChris-tianreckoning:theGreekreckoning,usedbyClaudius,countedtheyearsfromtheFirstOlympiad,whichtookplaceinB.C.776.Forconveniencealso,themost

3、familiargeographicalnameshavebeenused:thus"France",not'TransalpineGaul",becauseFrancecoversroughlythesameterritorialareaanditwouldbeinconsistenttocalltownslikeNimesandBoulogneandLyons'bytheirmodemnames—theirclassicaloneswouldnotbepopularlyrecognized—wh

4、ileplacingtheminGaUiaTranscdpinaOT,astheGreekscalledit,Galatia.(Greekgeographicaltermsaremostcon-fusing:Germanywas"thecountryoftheCelts".)Similarlythemostfamiliarformsofpropernameshavebeenused—"Livy"forTitusLivius,"Cymbeline"forCunobelinus,'^arkAntony"

5、forMarcusAntonius.Ithasbeendifficultattimestofindsuitablerenderingsformilitary,legalandothertechnicalterms.Togiveasingleinstance,thereistheword"assegai".AircraftmanT.E.Shaw(whomItakethisopportunityofthankingforhiscarefulreadingoftheseproofs)questionsmy

6、useof"asse-gai"asanequivalentoftheGermanframedorpfreim.Hesuggests"favelin".ButIhavenotadoptedthesuggestion,asIhavegratefullyadoptedothersofhis,becauseIneed"javelin"forpilum,theregularmissileweaponofthedis-ciplinedRomaninfantryman;and"assegai"ismoresava

7、ge-sounding."Assegai"hashadathree-hundredyearcurrencyinEnglishandacquirednewvigourinthenineteenthcen-turybecauseoftheZuluwars.Thelong-shaftcdiron-hea^frameawasused,accordingtoTacitus,bothasamissilesaasastabbingweapon.SowastheassegaioftheAma_Aarowarrior

8、s,withwhomtheGermansofClaudius'sdayhadciri-turaUymuchincommon.IfTacitus'sstatements,firstastothehandinessoftheframesatclosequarters,andthenastoitsunmanageabaityamongtrees,aretobereconciled,UwGermansprobablydidwhattheZulusdid—theybrokeof