欢迎来到天天文库
浏览记录
ID:39393204
大小:1.30 MB
页数:38页
时间:2019-07-02
《各种类型化合物的红外光谱》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、各种类型化合物的红外光谱2010-09-20alkanesCH3nas:2960(s),150(e)ns:2870(s),90(e)das:1450(s)-CH3,1380(s)-CH(CH3)2,1385,1375(双带,强度近似相等)-C(CH3)3,1395,1365(双带,n低2n高)-OCH3,1460~1430(2830有中等强度的吸收)-NCH3,1440~1410(2800有中等强度的吸收)-COCH3,1360(甲基酮特征)ds:2CH2nas:2925(ms),75(e)ns:2850(m),45(e)ds:1470(s)d
2、ip:725(n4);775(CH2CH3)CHn:2890alkanes3正辛烷的红外光谱图2960,2925,2870,2850;1465;III.1380;IV.725直链烷烃4饱和烃C-H伸缩振动吸收p54,图2.45上:正丁烷(2个CH2);中:正辛烷(6个CH2);下:正二十烷(18个CH2)亚甲基的数目增加,相应的吸收带强度增加5叔丁基、异丙基的甲基弯曲振动吸收带p56,图2.47上:叔丁基,在1395和1370有两个强度不等的吸收带,低波数大约是高波数的2倍;下:异丙基,在1385和1375有两个强度近似相等的吸收带。6nC-H3
3、0702985~3050(w)2947286329272841ds144214451452dC-C1020~1000920~9101000~9609771005~9251055~1000CyclicAlkanes7C8H182960,2925,2870,2853,1465(weak),1460,1395,1380,1365,1250,1210,7758解析--归属nC-H:2960,2870(CH3)nC-H:2925,2853(CH2)dCH2:1465(CH2)dCH3:1460(CH3)dCH2:1395,1365[-C(CH3)2]dCH2
4、:1380(CH3)nC-C:1250,1210[-C(CH3)2]dCH2:775(CH2)2,2,3-trimethylpentane2960,2925,2870,2853,1465(weak),1460,1395,1380,1365,1250,1210,7759烷烃中只有C-H,C-C两种σ键and2960~2850cm-1(C-H)1200-800cm-1(C-C骨架伸缩振动区)异丙基和叔丁基的特殊性异丙基:1170-1140(nCH(CH3)2)叔丁基:1260-12501220-12003.720cm-1(drock)n=1时吸
5、收峰在775cm-1;n≧4时吸收峰在725cm-1。Summary104.1470-1370cm-1(C-H弯曲振动)1)dasCH3与dsCH2重叠,后者较弱;2)CH(CH3)2和C(CH3)3的特殊性异丙基:1385,1375(dCH(CH3)2)叔丁基:1395,1370(dC(CH3)3)骨架吸收:1210、Summary11Alkenes三种振动=C-HC=C=C-H3095~30701640990,9101900165389017803040~3010165770012Alkenes三种振动=C-HC=C=C-H3040
6、~30101672~965ortwobands(conjugatedwithaC=Ogroup)1670~820-1670-13I.n=C-H:3090;II.nC=C:1640;III.d=C-H:990,910(乙烯型);IV.(泛音)1820n-C-H:2960,2920,2850,d-C-H(CH2):1470,d-C-H(CH3):1380,d-C-H(rock):7753-甲基1-戊烯的红外光谱图C8H16乙烯基型和亚乙烯基型面外弯曲振动比较上:3,4-二甲基-1-己烯p64,图2.57下:2,3-二甲基-1-戊烯X-CH=CH2中X对
7、=C-H的影响XClBrICOOHCOOR99093893694398298291089489890597096116XOCOROCH3CHOOC6H5COR990950960940944,962989910873813963851958X-CH=CH2中X对=C-H的影响17164616501651161116571657156616781678164117811885CycloAlkene18张力增加,nC=C增加环张力对C=C的伸缩振动吸收带的影响p63,图2.56上:六元环;中:五元环;下:四元环19累积烯烃丙二烯类C=C=CC=C=C
8、-H(ip)1950(s)850(vs)20Alkynes三种振动:ν三C-H、νC三C、δ三C-H1.ν三C-H3340
此文档下载收益归作者所有