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1、TheSenseofthePastThispageintentionallyleftblankTheSenseofthePastessaysinthehistoryofphilosophyBernardWilliamsEditedandwithanintroductionbyMylesBurnyeatprincetonuniversitypressprincetonandoxfordCopyright©2006byPrincetonUniversityPressPublishedbyPrincetonUniversityPress,41WilliamStreet,Princeton,NewJ

2、ersey08540IntheUnitedKingdom:PrincetonUniversityPress,3MarketPlace,Woodstock,OxfordshireOX201SYAllRightsReservedFourthprinting,andfirstpaperbackprinting,2008PaperbackISBN:978-0-691-13408-6TheLibraryofCongresshascatalogedtheclotheditionofthisbookasfollowsWilliams,BernardArthurOwen.Thesenseofthepast:e

3、ssaysinthehistoryofphilosophy/BernardWilliams;editedandwithanintroductionbyMylesBurnyeat.p.cm.“BernardWilliams,completephilosophicalpublications”:p.Includesbibliographicalreferences.ISBN-13:978-0-691-12477-3(alk.paper)ISBN-10:0-691-12477-9(alk.paper)1.Philosophy—History.I.Burnyeat,Myles.II.Title.B2

4、9.W4942006190—dc222005047734BritishLibraryCataloging-in-PublicationDataareavailableThisbookhasbeencomposedinSabonPrintedonacid-freepaper.∞press.princeton.eduPrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica10987654ContentsPrefaceixPatriciaWilliamsIntroductionxiiiMylesBurnyeatGreek:GeneralOneTheLegacyofGreekPhiloso

5、phy3TwoTheWomenofTrachis:Fictions,Pessimism,Ethics49ThreeUnderstandingHomer:Literature,HistoryandIdealAnthropology60SocratesandPlatoFourPaganJusticeandChristianLove71FiveIntroductiontoPlato’sTheaetetus83SixPlatoagainsttheImmoralist97SevenTheAnalogyofCityandSoulinPlato’sRepublic108EightPlato’sConstr

6、uctionofIntrinsicGoodness118NineCratylus’TheoryofNamesandItsRefutation138TenPlato:TheInventionofPhilosophy148vi•ContentsAristotleElevenActingastheVirtuousPersonActs189TwelveAristotleontheGood:AFormalSketch198ThirteenJusticeasaVirtue207FourteenHylomorphism218DescartesFifteenDescartes’UseofScepticism

7、231SixteenIntroductoryEssayonDescartes’Meditations246SeventeenDescartesandtheHistoriographyofPhilosophy257HumeEighteenHumeonReligion267SidgwickNineteenThePointofViewoftheUniverse:SidgwickandtheAmbitionsofEt