连作对大豆根际可培养微生物及土壤理化性状的影响_于寒

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1、华南农业大学学报2014，35(2):28-34http:∥xuebao．scau．edu．cnJournalofSouthChinaAgriculturalUniversitydoi:10．7671/j．issn．1001-411X．2014．02．006于寒，吴春胜，王振民，等．连作对大豆根际可培养微生物及土壤理化性状的影响［J］．华南农业大学学报，2014，35(2):28-34．连作对大豆根际可培养微生物及土壤理化性状的影响于寒，吴春胜，王振民，陈喜凤，谷岩(吉林农业大学农学院，吉林长春130118)摘要:【目的】探讨大豆重迎茬对根际可培养微

2、生物及土壤理化性状的影响．【方法】以正茬和重迎茬大豆根际土壤为研究对象，在不同生育时期取根际土进行土壤微生物区系、微生物生理类群和土壤理化性状等指标的测定．【结果和结论】大豆重迎茬对土壤可培养微生物及微生物生理类群有较大影响．重迎茬使大豆全生育期细菌、放线菌、氨化细菌、硝化细菌、好气性自生固氮菌和纤维素分解菌总量减少，真菌数量显著增加．各处理土壤平均碱解氮和速效钾含量顺序为:正茬＞迎茬＞重茬1年＞重茬2年＞重茬3年;而土壤速效磷含量为正茬＞迎茬＞重茬1年＞重茬3年＞重茬2年．轮作正茬大豆土壤团聚体的平均质量直径(MMD)和几何平均直径(GMD)均高于

3、迎茬和重茬各处理，其中以GMD差异更显著．关键词:大豆;连作;土壤微生物;土壤理化性状中图分类号:S513文献标志码:A文章编号:1001-411X(2014)02-0028-07EffectsofsoybeancontinuouscroppingonrhisphereculturablemicroorganismsandphysicochemicalpropertiesofsoilYUHan，WUChunsheng，WANGZhenmin，CHENXifeng，GUYan(CollegeofAgronomy，JilinAgriculturalUni

4、versity，Changchun130118，China)Abstract:【Objective】Effectsofsoybeancontinuouscroppingonsoilmicroorganismsandphysicochemicalpropertieswerestudied．【Method】Withtherhispheresoilsofcroppingandrotationsoybeanastestmateri-als，thefollowingindexesincludingsoilmicroorganisms，bacterialphys

5、iologicalgroups，physicochemicalpropertieswereinvestigatedduringthedifferentgrowthstagesofsoybean．【Ｒesultandconclusion】There-sultsshowedthatthereweresignificantinfluencesofcontinuousandalternatecroppingonsoilmicroor-ganisms．Thenumberofbacteria，actinomycetesdecreased，especiallyth

6、ereductionofammonifyingbac-teria，nitrifyingbacteria，aerobicnitrogen-fixingbacteria，cellulose-decomposingbacteria，butfungia-mountincreased．Thecontentorderofsoilavailablenitrogenandpotassiumwasrotationcropping＞alter-natecropping＞1-yearcontinuouscropping＞2-yearcontinuouscropping＞3

7、-yearcontinuouscropping．Thecontentorderofsoilavailablephosphoruswasrotationcropping＞alternatecropping＞1-yearcontinu-ouscropping＞3-yearcontinuouscropping＞2-yearcontinuouscropping．Themeanmassdiameterandgeometricmeandiameterofrotationsoilweresignificantlyhigherthanalternateandcont

8、inuouscropping．Keywords:soybean;continuouscropping;soi