计算机专业外文文献论文翻译1

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1、外文文献：　EvolvingJavaWithoutChangingtheLanguageIn"TheFeelofJava"JamesGoslingstatedthat:Javaisabluecollarlanguage.It'snotPhDthesismaterialbutalanguageforajob.JavafeelsveryfamiliartomanydifferentprogrammersbecauseIhadaverystrongtendencytopreferthingsthathadbee

2、nusedalotoverthingsthatjustsoundedlikeagoodidea.TheextraordinarysuccessofJavaoffersweighttothenotionthatthiswasasensibleapproach,andifitremainsanimportantgoalforJavatoday,thenitmakessensethatthelanguageshouldcontinuetoevolverelativelyslowly.Inadditiontoth

3、is,thefactthatJavaisamature,widelyusedlanguagecausesitsevolutiontobefraughtwithdifficulty.Foronething,eachfeatureaddedtothelanguagecanchangethewayitfeelsinsubtleandoftenunpredictableways,riskingalienatingdeveloperswhohavealreadyadopteditastheirlanguageofc

4、hoice.Foranother,afeaturethatmakesperfectsenseonitsownmayinteractwithotherfeaturesofthelanguageinawkwardorunexpectedways.Worse,oncealanguagefeaturehasbeenaddeditisallbutimpossibletoremoveevenifitturnsouttobedetrimentaltothelanguageasawhole.Tojustifyadding

5、anewfeature,alanguagedesignermustbehighlyconfidentthatitwillbeoflongtermbenefittothelanguageratherthanashorttermorfashionablesolutiontoaproblemthatrapidlybecomesredundant.Tomitigatetheriskalanguagedesignerwilltypicallyexperimentbycreatingaseparatelanguage

6、orbranch,suchasthePizzalanguageusedtoexperimentwithJava'sgenerics,priortotheirimplementation.Theproblemwiththisapproachisthattheaudienceforsuchexperimentsisbothsmallandself-selecting;obviouslytheywillallbeinterestedinlanguagefeatures,andmanymaybeacademics

7、orresearchers.Anideawhichplayswelltosuchanaudiencemaystillplaybadlywhenitisincorporatedintothemainlanguageandgeneralprogrammersstarttoworkwithit.Togetasenseofthis,considertheclosuresdebatethatbecamesoheatedforJava7.Implementationsforthemainproposals(andso

8、meothers)havebeenavailableforsometimebutnoconsensushasemerged.InconsequenceSundecidedthatJDK7willnotgetfullclosuressupport.ThecoreargumentcamedowntowhetherJavahadbecomeascomplexasitcouldaffordtobewhengenerics(andinp