“V上N了”结构分析——构式理论在对外汉语教学中的应用

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1、THESTUDYOFSTRUCTRUE“Vshang(上)Nle(了)”⋯～THECONSTRUCTIONGRAMMARINTEACHINGCHINESEASASECONDLANGUAGEABSTRACTTherearetwomeaningsinthestlllctureof“Vshang(上)Nle(了)”．onemeanstheactionisdoingandtheothermeanstheactionhasbeenrealizedorfinished．Thestudyof“Vshang(上)Nle

2、(了)”isnotenoughforthedevelopinglanguage．Thethesisaimstofindsomecharacteristicsofthestructureof“Vshang(上)Nle(了)”whenitisusedinthediscoursefromtwoaspectsofvariableVandN．ThefirstpartproceedsfromtheaspectofvariableVandstudiessomeverbswhichCanbeadoptedinthest

3、ructureof'’Vshang(上)Nle(了)”．wealsoanalysisthedifferencesofverbsthatareusedinthestructureof“Vshang(I-．_)Nle(了)”meansdoingsomethingortheactionhasbeenfinished．Thispartstudiesverbsfromthreeitems：(1)themeaningpointsoftheverbs，Wefredthatwhentheverbpointstothe“

4、SHANG",thestlllcture“Vshang(上)Nle(了)’’meanstheactionhasbeenrealizedorfinished．thisstucturealsohaveothermeanthatifWanttogettheresult，youmustmakegreatefforts，butwhentheverbpointstoanohervariableN，thestructure“Vshang(上)Nle(了)’'meanstheactionisdoing．Itstress

5、esthatsomebodyisdoingsomething，butthesentencesusuallyhavesomenegativewords，maybesoemebodywanttowarnorgivesomeadvice；(2)thecharacteristicoftheverbs．Inthispart，wedivide“SHANG’’into“SHANGI'’and“SHANG2”thecharacterristicoftheverbsconnectwithdifferent“SHANG”．

6、TheverbwhichCanlastawhilewillconnetwith“SHANGt"．Onthecontry,theverbwhichdisapparquicklywillconnetwith“SHANG2”；(3)theautonomyornonautonomyoftheverbs．IftheverbsisautonomyorpeopleCancontroltheIIIsituation，thestructruemayhavevariaousinterpretations，ortheverb

7、sisnonautonomyorpeoplecann’tcontrolthestructurewillbeinterpretatedastheactionhasbeenrealizedorfinished．Thereasoncausesthisdifferentmeansmaybeiftheverbscontrolthesituation,peoplecandecidethetimelongerornot．butiftheverbscann’tbecontrol，peoplehavetoacceptth

8、esituationSOhecalla’tdecidetheverbstime．Andmoreover,thispartalsostudiesformanothervariableNandfindsthatthemeaningofnoun，theparticularreferenceorgeneralreferenceand‘‘youjie’’or‘‘wujie’’affectsthestructureof‘‘Vshang(上)Nle(了)