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1、专四语法及词汇考点语法考点从句:状语从句,名词性从句,关系从句非谓语动词:不定时,动名词,分词虚拟语气时态其他:比较级,倒装句,主谓一致,附加疑问句词汇考点异形近义词和同义词,近形异义词,异形异义词搭配习语代词从句----状语从句让步状语从句1)though,although,evenif/though引导的让步状语从句_________,Mr.Wellsisscarcelyinsympathywiththeworkingclass.A.AlthoughheisasocialistB.EvenifheisasocialistC.Beingasoc
2、ialistD.Sinceheisasocialist2)as引导的让步状语从句(1)as引导的让步状语从句必须倒装eg.Failashedid,hewouldnevergiveup.(2)作表语用的单数可数名词放在句首时,该名词前不可加冠词eg.FoolasisJane,shecouldnothavedonesuchthing.(3)as从句的主语是代词时,主谓不需倒装;如果主语是名词时,则要倒装eg.Difficultasitwas,theyfinisheditintime.Difficultaswasthework,theyfinished
3、itintime._______hewantedtogooutwithhisfriendsattheweekend,hehadtostaybehindtofinishhisassignment.A.MuchthoughB.MuchasC.AsmuchD.Thoughmuch3)while引导的让步状语从句“尽管,虽然”,while表达并列的转折,即主句与从句的工作是在同一时间发生的。While引导的从句通常放在主句之前__________Isympathize,Ican’treallydoverymuchtohelpthemoutofthedif
4、ficulties.A.AslongasB.AsC.WhileD.Even4)nomatterhow/what/when…与however,whatever…引导的让步状语从句________thebosssays,itisunreasonabletoaskmetoworkovertimewithoutpay.A.WhateverB.WheneverC.WhicheverD.However比较状语从句一般由as和than引导(构成同级比较或比较级)eg.ItiseasierthanIthought.Ihaven’tdoneasmuchasIsho
5、uldhaveliked.条件状语从句引导词主要为if,unless,provided/providingthat,so/aslongas,onconditionthat,suppose/supposingthat,intheeventthat,whetherornot…eg.Thisisanillnessthatcanresultintotalblindnessifleftuntreated.时间状语从句1)when与while引导的时间状语从句when表示“当……的时候”,指一个时间点(段)的动作while表示“在……的同时”,只能表示持续性
6、的动作或状态,不能表示一段时间的短暂的动作eg.WhileTomwasreading,Jackwaswriting.2)Hardly/Scarcely…when和Nosooner…than引导的时间状语从句Thecouplehadnosoonergottothestation______thecoachleft.A.whenB.asC.untilD.than3)theminute/moment/day,thefirst/second/lasttime,each/every/nexttime等引导的时间状语从句eg.Nexttimeyoucomet
7、oBeijing,youmustvisitthemuseum.4)since表示“自从”,从句要用非延续性动词,主句用完成时态;till/until表示“直到”,用于肯定句时,主句用延续性动词;用于否定句时,主句可以使用非延续性动词(注:till不能用于句首)eg.SincehelivedinNanjing,Ihavenotheardfromhim.Iwillwaithereuntiltheconcertisover.结果状语从句1)so/such…that引导的结果状语从句so+a./ad.such+n.so+a.+a(an)+n.so+muc
8、h/many/few/little+n.2)withtheresultthat引导的结果状语从句eg.TheEskimolanguage