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1、Unit2TheUnitedKingdomWhenpeoplesayEngland,theysometimesmeanGreatBritain,sometimestheUnitedKingdom,sometimestheBritishIsles—butneverEngland.WhyisEnglandortheUKsometimescalledBritain?“England”issometimes,wrongly,usedinreferencetothewholeUnitedKingdom,theentireislandofGreatBritain(or
2、simplyBritain),orindeedtheBritishIsles.Thisisnotonlyincorrectbutcancauseoffence(冒犯)topeoplefromotherpartsoftheUK.England,Scotland,Wales,GreatBritainrefertodifferentpartsoftheUK.TheBritishIslesincludesmanyislandsnotevenpartoftheUK.Thediverse(多种多样的)historyofEngland,ScotlandandWalesh
3、asledtoverydifferentculturaltraditions.TheScotsandWelshhaverighttofeelaggrieved(受侵害的)whenevertheterm“England”isusedwronglytomeanallthree.ThenameUnitedKingdomreferstotheunionofwhatwereoncefourseparatecountries:England,Scotland,WalesandIreland(thoughmostofIrelandisnowindependent)．Th
4、eUK’sfullandofficialnameis“theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland”．SectionⅠWarmingUp&Reading—PrereadingPUZZLES①INGEOGRAPHYPeoplemaywonderwhydifferentwordsareusedtodescribethesefourcountries:England,Wales②，Scotland③andNorthernIreland④.Youcanclarify⑤thisquestionifyoustudyB
5、ritishhistory.FirsttherewasEngland.Waleswaslinkedto⑥itinthethirteenthcentury.Nowwhenpeoplereferto⑦EnglandyoufindWalesincluded⑧aswell⑨.NextEnglandandWaleswerejoinedto⑩Scotlandintheseventeenthcenturyandlaterthenamewaschangedto“GreatBritain”.Happilythiswasaccomplished⑪withoutconflict
6、⑫whenKingJamesofScotlandbecameKingofEnglandandWalesaswell.FinallytheEnglishgovernmenttriedintheearlytwentiethcentury⑬toformtheUnitedKingdombygettingIrelandconnectedinthesamepeacefulway⑭.However,thesouthernpartofIrelandwasunwilling⑮andbrokeaway⑯toformitsowngovernment.SoonlyNorthern
7、IrelandjoinedwithEngland,WalesandScotlandtobecometheUnitedKingdom⑰andthiswasshowntotheworldinanewflagcalledtheUnionJack⑱.①puzzlen．谜；难题②Wales[weIlz]威尔士(英)③Scotland['skɒtlənd]苏格兰(英)④NorthernIreland['aIələnd]北爱尔兰(英)⑤clarify['klærIfaI]vt.澄清；阐明⑥linkAtoB 把A与B连接、联合起来，此处为被动语态。⑦referto提及；涉
8、及⑧findWalesincluded为“find＋宾语＋宾补”结
