美国文学简史 期末复习资料

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1、i.TheColonialPeriod1.关键词:AmericaPuritanism2.Calvinism特点:totaldepravity,Unconditionalelection,Limitedatonement,Irresistiblegrace,Perseveranceofthesaints3.AnneBradstreet(P17):aPuritanpoetbeknownas“TheMuse”4.ThomasPaine:oneofcontinual,unswervingfightfortherightsofman.w

2、orks:“CommonSense”“AmericanCrisis”“TheRightsofMan”“TheAgeofReason”理性时代5.PhillipFreneau(P22):美国文学史上的重要人物dawningnationalism代表人物Poems:TheWildHoneysuckle野生的金银花firstmodernAmerican&thelastmedievalman6.JonathanEdwards(Calvinism)acriticalroleinshapingtheFirstGreatAwakeningw

3、orks:“TheFreedomoftheWill”《自由意志论》“TheGreatDoctrineofOriginalSinDefended”《伟哉原罪论辩》“TheNatureofTrueVirtue”“AmericanDream”“Self-made”7.BenjaminFranklin(puritanism)“PoorRichard’sAlmance”“autobiography”新文学形式“18thcenturyenlightenment”ii.Romanticism1.WashingtonIrving（1783-1

4、859）①titles:“thefatherofAmericanliterature”“theAmericanGoldsmith”②works:TheSketchBook(markedthebeginningofAmericanRomanticismandthebeginningofshortstoriesasagenreinAmericanliterature)RipVanWinkle(P47—P48)TheLegendofSleepyHollow2.JamesFenimoreCooper（1789-1851）①Oneoft

5、hefirstwritertowriteAmericanWestwardmovement②“TheLeatherstockingTales”(novel)firstis“ThePioneers”---Plot:---themeconflictbetweenNattyBumppoandJudgeTemple----character:NattyBumppo---innocent,simple,honestandgenerous,forfreedom,againstcivilization,wildernessisgoodJudg

6、eTemple---just,reasonable,forcivilizationandlaw③Writingstyle:intriguingplotmajesticlandscapedescriptionsrichimaginationwoodencharacterizationnotauthenticdialecti.NewEnglandTranscendentalism---theculminationofAmericanRomanticismBeginningoftheTranscendentalism---1836,

7、Nature,Emerson(1830s–theCivilWar)Features：a:emphasizingonspiritortheOver-soul；b:stressingtheimportanceoftheindividual；c:offeringafreshperceptionofnatureassymbolicoftheSpiritorGod.1.RalphWaldoEmerson：ThefounderoftheTranscendentalistclubandtheeditorforatimeofthejourna

8、ltheDialWorks:Nature---“theManifestoofAmericanTranscendentalism”“theBibleofNewEngland”:ThePoet(fromNature)TheAmericanScholar---“Intellectu