英美文学名词解释整理版 (1)

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1、AmericanTranscendentalismAliteraryandphilosophicalmovement,associatedwithRalphWaldoEmersonandMargaretFuller,assertingtheexistenceofanidealspiritualrealitythattranscendstheempiricalandscientificandisknowablethroughintuition.超验主义：一种文学和哲学运动，与拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生和玛格丽特·富勒有关，宣称存在一种理想的精神实体，超越于经验和科学之处，通过直觉得以把握

2、EnglishRomanticismwasanartistic,literaryandintellectualmovementthatoriginatedinthesecondhalfofthe18thcenturyinEurope.odeinancientliterature,isanelaboratelyricalpoemcomposedforachorustochantandtodanceto;inmodernuse,itisarhymedlyricexpressingnoblefeelings,oftenaddressedtoapersonorcelebratinganeve

3、nt.conceit奇喻AValediction:ForbiddingMourning。Akindofmetaphorthatmakesacomparisonbetweentwostartlinglydifferentthings.Aconceitmaybeabriefmetaphor,butitusuallyprovidestheframeworkforanentirepoem.Anespeciallyunusualandintellectualkindofconceitisthemetaphysicalconceit.新奇的比喻：将两种截然不同的食物进行对比的一种隐喻。它虽被视为

4、是一种隐喻，但是它往往构建了整首诗的框架，最为奇特的应属玄学诗里面的。heroiccouplet英雄双韵体，英雄对偶句Itreferstotwolinesofiambicpentameterrhymingwitheachother(由两行互相押韵的含有五个抑扬音步的诗句组成的韵文单位）acoupletconsistingoftworhymedlinesofiambicpentameterandwritteninanelevatedstyle.NaturalismNaturalismisatheoryinartandliteraturewhichstatesthatpeopleand

5、thingsshouldbeshowninarealisticway.自然主义;写实主义Anextremeformofrealism.Naturalisticwritersusuallydepictthesordidsideoflifeandshowcharacterswhoareseverely,ifnothopelessly,limitedbytheirenvironmentorheredity.自然主义:自然是现实主义的一种极端形式，自然主义作家往往反映社会生活的阴暗面，人物通常都受到环境遗传的严重限制。ModernismModernismwasamovementinthear

6、tsinthefirsthalfofthetwentiethcenturythatrejectedtraditionalvaluesandtechniques,andemphasizedtheimportanceofindividualexperience.现代主义;20世纪上半叶的艺术运动，特点为摒弃传统的价值观和表现手法，强调个人体验的重要性SymbolInliteraryusage,asymbolisaspeciallyevocativekindofimage:thatis,awordorphrasereferringtoaconcreteobject,scene,oracti

7、onwhichalsohassomefurthersignificanceassociatedwithit.Allusion.Areferencetoaperson,aplace,anevent,oraliteraryworkthatawriterexpectsthereadertorecognizeandrespondto.Anallusionmaybedrawnfromhistory,geography,literature,orreli