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ABriefAnalysisontheCharacteristicsofSisterCarrieI.IntroductionA.The Introduction of Sister Carrie 1.The Introduction of the Author TheodoreDreiser(1871-1945)wasborninTerreHaute,Indiana.PartofalargeGerman-Americanfamily,andtheninthoftenchildren,hischildhoodwasmarkedbypoverty.BeforeDreiserbecameafamouswriter,hedidalotofoddjobs,suchaswashingdishes,clerkingahardwarestore.Healsodidworksasajournalist,areporter,andaneditor.Eventually,atthesuggestionofhiseditorfriendAuthorHenry,Dreiserbeganwritinghisfirstnovel,theresultofwhichwasSisterCarrie.Dreiser’sotherfamousworksincludeTheFinancier(1912),TheTitan(1914),andAnAmericanTragedy(1925).2.The Introduction of thePlotSisterCarriewasDreiser’sfirstlongfiction.Theprotagonistofthisnovel,CarrieMeeber,pretty,eighteen,penniless,fullofillusions,leavesherdullWisconsinhomein1889forChicago.OnthetrainCharlesDrouet,ajauntytravelingsalesman,impressesherwithhisworldlinessandaffluence.InChicago,Carrielivesinacrampedflatwithhersisterandbrother-in-law.Herjobatashoefactoryisphysicallyandspirituallycrushing.Afteraperiodofunemployment,shebecomesDrouet’smistress.ThenintroducedbyDrouet,CarriemeetsGeorgeHurstwood,themanagerofafamousanddeluxesalon.Eventually,Hurstwooddesertshisfamily,robshisemployers,andtricksCarrieintoleavingChicagowithhim.TheyfirstescapetoMontrealandthen,afterreturningmostofthemoney,toNewYork,wheretheylivetogetherforseveralyear.AsHurstwooddeclines,Carriedevelops.Toearnmoney,shebecomesastarfromachorusgirltoafamousmusicalcomedyby herownefforts.Meanwhile,Hurstwoodsinksintobeggaryandsuicide.Inspiteofherfreedomsuccess,Carrieislonelyandunhappy.3.TheWritingBackground for Sister CarrieThebackgroundofSisterCarrieisattheendof19thcenturyinAmerica.Actually,ThebackgroundisinChicagoandNewYork,in1889.Justastheauthordepictedinthenovel:“In1889Chicagohadthepeculiarqualificationsofgrowthwhichmadesuchadventuresomepilgrimagesevenonthepartofyounggirlsplausible.Itsmanyandgrowingcommercialopportunitiesgaveitwidespreadfame,whichmadeofitagiantmagnet,drawingtoitself,fromallquarters,thehopefulandhopeless—thosewhohadtheirfortuneyettomakeandthosewhosefortunesandaffairshadreachedadisastrousclimaxelsewhere.Itwasacityofover500,000,withtheambition.Itsstreetsandhouseswerealreadyscatteredoveranareaofseventy-fivemiles.Itspopulationwasnotsomuchthrivinguponestablishedcommerceasupontheindustrieswhichpreparedforthearrivalofothers.Thesoundofthehammerengagedupontheerectionofnewstructureswaseverywhereheard.Greatindustriesweremovingin.Thehugerailroadcorporationswhichhadlongbeforerecognizedtheprospectsoftheplacehadseizeduponvasttractsoflandfortransferandshippingpurposes.Street-carlineshadbeenextendedfaroutintotheopencountryinanticipationofrapidgrowth.”1Theauthoremploysatypical“arrivedmetropolis”narrativemode.Fromthe18thcenturyrealismtomodernisminthe20thcentury,manyauthorsoftenusethismodeltoexpressthemetropolitanluxurylandscape,lifestyle,valuesanditspowerfulcreationonindividualreconstructionorrejection,accommodationorsubjugation.Thesenovelsshowtheprocessofindividualurbanizationandmodernizationvividlythroughdepictingthesuccessorfailureofprovincialyouth.B.Motivationofthepresentresearch SisterCarrieisaninstructivebook.TheauthorofthisthesisthinksthatDreiseruseshisfamiliesasprototypesfortheSisterCarrie,it’sverycreative.Meanwhile,thisbookdepictsthesocialstateofAmericainthebeginningof20thcentury,it’sveryauthentic.(个人兴趣)Sinceitsimportantstatusinliteraryhistory,scholarshavemademanydifferentcommentsonit.Theearliestcommentscouldbedividedintotwobranches:oneapprovedthisnovelandthoughtSisterCarriebroughtgreatsurprisetoAmericanliterature.TheothercriticizedthatDreiserdidn’tcriticizeCarrie’simmoralitybutdescribeherintoagirlfromapoorvillagetoafamousBroadwayactress.Moderncommentshavebeendiversified,includinganalyzeofCarrie’svalue,forexample,Zhangdansaidinherthesis(张澹AnalyzeofSisterCarrie群文天地.2012年第2期)thatCarrieisapersonwithstrongdesiresandmaterialneeds,meanwhile,shemaintainsthatit’sCarrie’spersonalreasonsresultinginherchange.Thiscommentisalittleone-sidedforit’snotonlythepersonalreasonsbutalsoenvironmentalelementsinfluenceCarrie’svalue.SomescholarsanalysisCarrie’schangesingrowth,suchasWumengsaidinherthesis(武萌从“灰姑娘”原型看嘉莉妹妹的成长变化.辽宁师范大学.外国语学院.辽宁大连116029)thatCarrieisa“Cinderella”whochangesfromapoorcountrysidegirltoafinanciallyindependentgirl.InWumeng’sview,Carrie’sindependentisverygreatalthoughitisattheexpenseofherhappiness.IthinkWumengonlytalkingofCarrie’spositiveaspectbutnotreferringtohernegativeaspect.（前人的研究）Commentsassuchhavebeenmanymore,withcommentsabove,IwillmainlyfocusonthecharacteristicsofsisterCarrieaswellasthereasonsfortheformationofCarrie’scharacteristics.（引出自己的论题）Carriehasmultiplepersonalities,thus,IwanttoexplorehowCarriechangesfromaninnocentandnaivegirltoahardhearted,unmerciful,vaingloriousandrealisticwoman.Iwanttoexplainthatit’sboththeenvironmentandCarrie’s familybackgroundthatinfluenceCarrie’schange.(目的)Environment is a tremendous thing and often leads human to a wrong direction. We know that Drouet tells Carrie that Chicago is a wonder, and that she will find lots to see there. Even her meager sister Minnie tells her, “You'll want to see the city.” Under the influence of the environment, Carrie changed her life and moved forward to her success.I hope through the study of Carrie’s life, we can get some revelations from it and make a better understand of our modern life and our lives. Life is a long journey, instead of purchasing the superficial glamour making our body weary; we’d better enjoy a satisfied happiness life to our heart’s content. Once you like, happiness is simple. Too many desires make the life heavy with burden. The choice depends on you.（结果和意义）C.OrganizationoftheThesisThisthesiscanbedividedintofourparts:thefirstpartisintroductionwhichincludesthe introduction of Sister Carrie andthemotivationofthepresentresearch.ThesecondpartistoexploreSisterCarrie’scharacteristicswhichincludethepositivecharacteristicsandthenegativecharacteristics.ThethirdpartisthereasonsfortheformationofCarrie’scharacteristicswhichincludethereasonofCarrie’sfamilybackgroundandthereasonofthesocialenvironment.Thelastpartisconclusion.
