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1、状语分句可以分为三大类:修饰性状语分句,评注性状语分句和连接性状语分句。一、修饰性状语分句可以位于主句之前或者之后。前置时,分句之后一般要加逗号与主句分开。修饰性状语分句按意义可以分为下列八大类:1、时间状语分句(AdverbialClauseofTime)通常由“after,as,before,once,since,till,until,when,whenever,while,now(that),aslongas,assoonas等从属连词引导。l有一些词如immediately,directly,instantl
2、y用于立刻的意义时也可以引导时间状语从句:例如:IgotintouchwithhimimmediatelyIreceivedhisletter.Mysistercamedirectlyshegotmymessage.Instantlythebuttonispressed,themineexplodes.l某些表示时间的名词词组如themoment,theminute,theinstant,theday,theyear,everytime,nexttime等也可以引导时间状语从句:I’lltellyouaboutitt
3、hemomentyoucome.I’mgoingtoseehimnexttimehecomestoGuangzhou.l有些关连从属连词如nosooner…than,hardly/scarcely/barely…when等也能引导时间状语从句,如果把nosooner,hardly,scarcely,barely置于句首就要用倒装句结构。例如:Shehadnosoonerheardthenewsthanshefainted.Nosoonerhadsheheardthenewsthanshefainted.Theyhad
4、hardlystartedtheworkwhenthetroublebegan.Hardlyhadtheystartedtheworkwhenthetroublebegan.l有些从属连词如Whenwhile/whilst(until,once)等除了能引导表示时间的限定分句,还能引导非限定和无动词时间状语分句。例如:Sheisalwayslisteningtomusic,whendoingherhomework.(现在分词)Wheneverindifficulty,youcancountonoursupport.(
5、无动词)Whileatschool,hescarcelyreadabook.(无动词)John,don’tspeakuntilspokento.(过去分词)Onceprinted,thisbookwillbeverypopular.2、地点状语分句(AdverbialClauseofPlace)通常由where,wherever以及由where构成的符合词如:anywhere,everywhere引导。Everywheretheywent,theywerekindlyreceived.l有时,地点状语分句兼有抽象条件
6、含义:Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.Whereyoufindhighwages,youwillgenerallyfindhighprices.l有些谚语是带有地点状语分句的复杂句的省略形式:Leastsaid,soonestmended.(少说为佳/多说反坏事)=Wherethereisleastsaid,therethingsaresoonermended.l地点状语也可采取无动词分句结构。例如:Where(eve)possible,allmovingpartsshouldbetest
7、ed.3、方式状语分句(AdverbialClauseofManner)通常由as,asif,asthough引导,通常放在主句之后。例如:YoumustdotheexercisesasIshowyou.Leaveitasitis.Marywasbehavingasthoughshehadn’tgrownup.l在as…so…结构中,as分句通常位于主句之前,(多数带有比喻含义,常见于正式文学体裁。例如:Asamansows,sohewillreap.(种瓜得瓜,种豆得豆。)Asyoumadeyourbed,soyo
8、umustlieinit.(自作自受)l在非正式口语中也可用theway(that),how,like(相当于inthesamewayas)引导方式状语分句。例如:Jeandoesn’tdoitthewayIdo.IshallwearmycoathowIlike.Doyoumakebreadlikeyoumakecakes?l方式状语分句还可以