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1、外文文献RURALTOURISMANDSUSTAINABLEDEVELOPMENTINTRODUCTIONRuraltourismisasegmentofthetotaltouristindustrywhichisparticularlyimportantinHungary,inacountrywithnospectacularnaturalattractions,withoutseaside,highmountains,rainforestorherdsofexoticanimals.However,its
2、attractiveculturallandscapeswithsmallvillages,thermalsprings,riversandlakes,combinedwiththetraditionalhospitality,areabletoofferpleasantexperiencestothekindoftouristwhoislookingforrelaxationandrecreationinacalmsetting.Ononehand,ruraltourismdevelopmentcanpla
3、yanimportantroleinthediversificationoftheHungariantouristsupplyandinthecreationofamorecomplexandcolourfulcountryimage.Ontheotherhand,ruraltourismisnotonlytheend,butthemeanstostimulateeconomicgrowth,toincreasetheviabilityofunderdevelopedregions,andtoimprovet
4、helivingstandardsoflocalpopulations.Ifruraltourismistofulfilalltheseroles,ithastobedevelopedinawaythatensuresthelong-termsustainabilityoftheresourcesandthatofthedevelopmentprogressitself.Butwhatisasustainablewayofdevelopmentinruraltourism?Howcansustainabili
5、tybemonitoredandpromotedinruraldestinations?ThispaperattemptstoanswerthesequestionsbypresentingthecurrentsituationofHungarianruraltourismthroughindicatorsthatareconsideredtoberelevantforthistypeoftourism.SUSTAINABLETOURISMDEVELOPMENTTheconceptofsustainabled
6、evelopmentwasintroducedbytheWorldCommissiononEnvironmentandDevelopmentintheBrundtlandReportin1987,definingsustainabledevelopmentas"developmentthatmeetstheneedsofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirownneeds".Tourismisoneofthe
7、foremosteconomicactivitiesaroundtheworld,havingtransportedmorethan617millionpeopleinternationallyandgenerated448billionUSDinreceiptsin1997(WTO,1998).Itisamajoreconomicforce,havinggeneratedin1996anestimated3,153.3billionUSDingrossoutput,creatingemploymentfor
8、app.255millionpeople,producingapp.10.7percentofworldgrossdomesticproduct,investingapp.766billionUSDinnewfacilitiesandequipmentannually,andcontributingmorethanapp.653.3billionUSDtoglobaltaxrevenue(WTTC,
