计算机网络专业术语

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1、Chapter1EndsystemP28端系统ModemP29调制解调器（俗称：猫）BasestationP29基站CommunicationlinkP30通信链路PhysicalmediaP30物理介质CoaxialcableP30同轴电缆FiberopticsP30光纤RadiospectrumP30射频频谱TransmissionrateP30传输速率PacketsP30（数据）包，或分组RoutersP30路由器Link-layerswitchesP30链路层交换机/ˈleɪəUS-ər/PathP3

2、0路径ISP(InternetServiceProvider)P30网络服务提供商TCP(TransmissionControlProtocol)P31传输控制协议IP(InternetProtocol)P31网际协议IntranetsP31内网API(ApplicationProgrammingInterface)P32应用程序编程接口NetworkedgeP35网络边缘AccessNetworksP38接入网EthernetP42以太网NetworkcoreP48网络核心CircuitSwitchingP

3、50电路转换PacketSwitching分组交换FDM(frequency-divisionmultiplexing)P50频分多路复用TDM(time-divisionmultiplexing)P50时分多路复用StatisticalMultiplexing统计复用Store-and-forward存储转发QueuingdelaysP53排队延迟TransmissiondelayP60传输延迟，或发送延迟PropagationdelayP60传播延迟ThroughputP59吞吐量Internetback

4、boneP57骨干网DelayP59延迟，或时延LossP59丢包Packet-SwitchedNetworkP59分组交换网络NodalprocessingdelayP60节点处理延迟End-to-enddelayP66端到端延迟InstantaneousthroughputP68瞬时吞吐量NetworkinterfacecardP74网络接口卡（即网卡）MessageP75消息，或报文SegmentP75（报文）段DatagramP75数据报FramesP75帧PacketsnifferP82数据包监听器

5、ProtocolStack协议栈Peerentities对等实体Chapter2应用层ServerfarmP110服务器集群InfrastructureP110基础设施，或基础架构Self-scalabilityP111自扩展性TimingP114实时性Bandwidth-sensitiveapplicationsP115带宽敏感应用Connection-orientedserviceP117面向连接的服务DirectoryserviceP121目录服务BaseHTMLfileP122基本HTML文件Stat

6、elessprotocolP124无状态协议RTT(round-triptime)P126往返时间WebproxycachesP128网页代理缓存StatuslineP130状态行Out-of-bandP141（频）带外（的）In-bandP141带内（的）UseragentsP144用户代理MailserversP144邮件服务器PullprotocolP148拉式协议Pushprotocolp148推式协议HostaliasingP158主机别名CanonicalhostnameP158规范主机名Mail

7、serveraliasingP158邮件服务器别名LoaddistributionP158负载分配Top-leveldomain(TLD)serversP161顶级域名服务器AuthoritativeDNSserversP161权威域名服务器IterativequeriesP168迭代查询Resourcerecords(RRs)P165资源记录OverlaynetworkP179覆盖网NonpersistentHTTP非持久HTTP，或非坚持HTTPPersistentHTTP持久性HTTP，或坚持的HTTP

8、Peer-to-Peer(P2P)Network对等网络Socketprogramming套接字编程Chapter3传输层MultiplexinganddemultiplexingP226复用与分用UnidirectionaldatatransferP241单向数据传送Finite-statemachine(FSM)P242有限状态机PositiveacknowledgmentsP243肯定确认Ne