《动物分子遗传学》PPT课件

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1、动物分子遗传学冯登侦宁夏大学农学院主要参考书1徐晋麟等．现代遗传学原理．科学出版社，20012阎隆飞等．分子生物学．中国农业大学出版社，19973孙乃恩等．分子遗传学．南京大学出版社，19964解生勇．分子细胞遗传学．中国农业科技出版社，19985李宁等．动物遗传学．中国农业出版社，20036杨业华．分子遗传学．中国农业出版社，20017李振刚．分子遗传学．科学出版社，20008朱玉贤等．现代分子生物学．高等教育出版社，19979林剑．免疫遗传学．高等教育出版社，199710LELANDH.HARTWELL,LEROYHOOD,MICHAELL.

2、GOLDBERG.遗传学-从基因到基因组(GENETICS-fromgenestogenomes).科学出版社.2003遗传学(genetics)的研究内容Alllivingorganisms(fromsingle–cellbacteriaandprotozoatomulticellularplantsandanimal)muststore、replicate、transmitbiologicalinformationtothenextgeneration，andusevastquantitiesofinformationtodevelop，gr

3、ow，reproduce，andsurviveintheirenvironments.遗传学(genetics)的研究内容Genetics:thescienceofheredity,isatitscorethestudyofbiologicalinformation.Geneticistsexaminehoworganismspassbiologicalinformationontotheirprogenyandhowtheyuseitduringtheirlifetime.第一章遗传物质的基础一、遗传物质核酸是遗传物质，存在于任何生命形式的有机

4、体。DNA是最普遍的遗传物质。在少数低等生物中RNA是遗传物质。DNA中贮存了大量的遗传信息。DNA----bearerofgeneticinformationFornearly4billionyearsthedouble-strandedDNAmoleculehasservedasthealmostuniversalbearerofgeneticinformation.3.7billionyearsagotheearliestbacterialcellincorporateditintotheirchromosomes.About2billio

5、nyearsago,whentheeukaryoticprecursorsofplants,animals,andfungievolvedfromsimplecell,theirchromosomesalsocarriedaDNAmolecular.DNA----bearerofgeneticinformationSincethattime:Evolutionhashonedandexpandedthesoftware-theprogramsbywhichthemolecularstores,transmits,andexpressesgenet

6、icinformation.Thehardware–thestructureoftheDNAmolecular-haschangedverylittle.DNA----bearerofgeneticinformationUnderspecialconditionsoflittleornooxygen,DNAcanwithstandawiderangeoftemperature,pressure,andhumidityandremainrelativeintactforhundreds,thousands,evenmillionsofyears.T

7、hisancientDNAstillcarriesreadablesequence.ComparisonswithequivalentexpansesofmodernDNAmakeitpossibletoidentifytheprecisemutationsthathavefueledevolution.二、ExperimentdesignateDNAasthegeneticmaterialChemicalcharacterizationlocalizesDNAinthechromosomesBacterialtransformationimpl

8、icatesDNAasthesubstanceofgenesExperimentofinfectingbacterialcellwith