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1、ABCofMovieMakingShots1.DefinitionofshotsFilmisapredominantlyvisualart.Itsbasicunitofconstructionistheshots.Ashotiswhatisrecordedbetweenthetimeacamerastartsandthetimeisstops,thatis,betweenthedirector’scallfor“action”andthecallto“cut”.Theaveragefilmisabout100minutes,w
2、ithabout600shots.2.TypesofshotsTherearesixkindsofshots,whicharecommonlyusedinthecinema.Theyare:(1)theextremelongshot,(2)thelongshot,(3)thefullshot,(4)themediumshot,(5)theclose-upand,(6)theextremeclose-up.Thedeep-focusshotisusuallyalongorextremelongshot,consistingofa
3、numberoffocaldistancesandphotographedindepth.Sometimescalledawide-angleshotbecauseitrequiresawide-anglelenstophotograph,thistypeofshotcapturesobjectsatclose,mediumandlongrangessimultaneously,alloftheminsharpfocus.Generally,camera,likeoureyes,travelfromacloserangetoa
4、mediumtoalongorviceversa.Themostfrequentlyusedshotisthemediumshot,whichputsthespectatorinthemostnaturalpositionforwatchingtheeventunfold.Thechiefvalueofthelongshotistogivethesettingofanevent.Forexample,inthissceneofThePatriotwhereBen’sridingahorsefaraway,wecouldonly
5、seetheshapeofhim,butwecouldfeelhispowerdeeply.It’sbeautifulandinspiring.Thechiefpurposeoftheclose-upistocallyourattentiontosomeotherwiseunnoticedobject,person,oraction.Thecloseshotisuniquetechniqueoffilmart.Whenthedirectorwishestocallyourattentiontosomethinginthepic
6、turethatdoesnotloomlargeandmayotherwisebeunnoticed,heusesaclose-up.Themoviecloseshotscanpenetratethesoulandrevealtheemotionalintensityoftheircharacters.Aclose-upofanactor’sfaceshouldbeusedonlywhennecessarytoseeitatcloserangeinordertounderstandhisthoughtoraction.Theg
7、ooddirectorwilluseavarietyofshots-long,medium,andclose-up.Forexample,inasceneofThePatriot,thecamerabeginswithacloseshotofGabriel’sbackintheroom,theslowlypullsoutthroughthewindow,revealingtheopenfieldwheretheBluecoatsandRedcoatsarefighting.3.ContentsandphotographyMos
8、tcinematographersbelievethataestheticelementsofafilmshouldbemaximized-beautifulpictureswithbeautifulpeopleisthegoal.Suchviewsarenotwrong.B
