河海大学研究生英语考试要求背诵段落翻译

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1、老师要求背诵段落翻译，红色为老师留过的作业第一课Cliffsstretchedintothedistance;sparkingwaveswhippedbythewindwereunrollingontothebeach,andafewyachts,withcreamy-whitesails,werecurvinganddodginggracefullyonthesea.Justbelow,aflockofseagullswerescreamingatoneanotherastheytwistedandglidedoverthewater.Amileouttosea,th

2、eoldlighthousestoodonastoneplatformontherocks,whichwerebeinggreedilylickedbythewaves.InnowayindeeddidIgrudgemymoney.AsIdirectedthetelescopetowardsthelighthouse,themanbesidemetappedmywrist.译文：峭壁向远方伸展，海风激起的阵阵波浪泛着白花，冲上海滩。海面上几艘游艇张着乳白色的风帆优雅地避开浪头蜿蜓前进。山崖下面，一群海鸥相互叫唤着，在海面上盘旋飞翔。离岸一英里处，在海浪贪婪地吮舔着的岩岸

3、上，那座古老的灯塔矗立在一座石头平台上。说实话，我毫不吝惜那几个钱。当我把望远镜转朝灯塔时，站在我身旁的那个老头拍了拍我的手腕。第二课Groupsarecapableofbeingasmoralandintelligentastheindividualswhoformthem;acrowdischaotic,hasnopurposeofitsownandiscapableofanythingexceptintelligentactionandrealisticthinking.一个组织所表现出来的智慧和道义是与其成员的一致的，而一个群体却是无秩序的，没有特定的目的并且无

4、法进行明智的行为和现实性的思考。Thecrowed-intoxicatedindividualescapesfromresponsibility,intelligenceandmoralityintoakindoffrantic,animalmindlessness.被这种群体药物麻醉的人逃避责任，不愿动脑子，失去道德感，变得和疯子、动物没两样。Unlikethemass,intelligencehaveatasteforrationalityandaninterestinfacts.Theircriticalhabitofmindmakesthemresistantt

5、othekindofpropagandathatworkssowellonthemajority.Intellectualsarethekindofpeoplewhodemandevidenceandshockedbylogicalinconsistenciesandfallacies.和大多数人不一样，知识分子崇尚理性，讲究事实。对大多数人都有影响的宣传在他们这失去了应有的效果便是得益于这种思维方式。知识分子就是这么一些注重证据以及对逻辑的不一致与欺骗性感到震惊的人。Theyregardover-simplificationastheoriginalsinofthem

6、indandhavenousefortheslogans,theunqualifiedassertionsandsweepinggeneralizationswhicharethepropagandist’sstock-in-trade.他们认为过于简单化是思想的原罪，标语、毫无道理的断言和大量的概括性用语等宣传家们常用的伎俩对他们毫无作用。Philosophyteachesustofeeluncertainaboutthethingsthatseemtousself-evident.Propaganda,ontheyotherhand,teachesustoaccep

7、tasself-evidentmattersaboutwhichitwouldbereasonabletosuspendourjudgmentortofeeldoubt.哲学告诉我们要对那些不证自明的事情进行怀疑。而宣传家们却恰恰相反，他们教我们要无条件的接受这些本应该受到质疑东西。Thepropagandistmustthereforebeconsistentlydogmatic.Allhisstatementsaremadewithoutqualifications.Therearenograysinhispictureofthewo