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1、宾语从句(TheObjectClause)学习宾语从句要抓住三要素:连接词、语序和时态。一.宾语从句的定义宾语从句在复合句中起宾语的作用,可以作动词的宾语,也可以做介词的宾语 作动词的宾语: Iheardthathewouldcomeherelateron.主语谓语动词一个句子作宾语作介词的宾语: He said nothingaboutwhobrokethewindowlastnight. 主语谓语动词代词作动词的宾语介词 一个句子作介词的宾语二.二.宾语从句中引导词(连接词)的用法在复合句中作主句的宾语,引导词
2、有:连词:that(that常可省略),whether,if代词:who,whose,what,which副词:when,where,how,why等。连词: Hetoldme(thathewould)gotothecollegethenextyear Idon’tknowiftherewillbeabusanymore. Nobodyknewwhetherhecouldpasstheexam.that引导的宾语从句(在非正式场合that可以省略)Attention:宾语从句的否定转移当主句谓语动词是think,bel
3、ieve,suppose,expect等词,而宾语从句的意思是否定时,常把否定转移至主句表示。Idon’tthinkitisrightforhimtotreatyoulikethat.其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致.Idon’tbelievethatmaniskilledbyJim,____________?IexpectourEnglishteacherwillbebackthisweekend,________________?当主句的主语是第二、三人称时,其反义疑问句一般与主句保持一致。Yoursistersupp
4、osessheneedsnohelp,doesn'tshe? Youthoughttheycouldhavecompletedtheproject,didn'tyou? Theydon'tbelieveshe'sanengineer,dothey?Shedoesn'texpectthatwearecomingsosoon,doesshe?练习题(1).Idon’tthinkheisright,__________?A.isn’theB.isheC.doID.don’tI(2).Hebelievessheisright,
5、8__________?A.doesn’theB.doesheC.issheD.isn’tshe(3).Ithoughtthathedislikedplayingfootball,__________?A.didn’theB.didheC.didID.didn’tI(4).Ifind_____importantthatwepracticeEnglisheveryday.A.itB.thisC.thatD.what (5).Youcan’timagine____whentheyreceivedthenicegift.A.ho
6、wtheywereexcitedB.howexcitedtheywereC.howexcitedweretheyD.theywerehowexcited由whether,if引导的宾语从句当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时,用if或whether引导,意为“是否”。如:Idon'tknowif/whetherhestillliveshereaftersomanyyears.但在下列情况下只能用whether,不能用if:①在具有选择意义,又有or或ornot时,尤其是直接与ornot连用时,往往用whether(if…ornot
7、也可以使用)。如:Letmeknowwhether/ifhewillcomeornot.(=Letmeknowwhetherornothewillcome)让我知道他是否能来。②在介词之后用whether。如:I'minterestedinwhetherhelikesEnglish.我关心的是他是否喜欢英语。③在不定式前用whether。如:Hehasn'tdecidedwhethertovisittheoldman.他尚未决定是否拜访那位老人。④whether置于句首时,不能换用if。如:Whetherthisistru
8、eornot,Ican'tsay.这是否真的我说不上来。用if不用whether1、引导条件状语从句,意为“如果”Thestudentswillgoonapicnicifitissunny.2、if引导否定概念的宾语从句时HeaskedifIdidn’tcometoschoolyesterday.3、引