国际结算 中英文终极版

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1、1.1TheConceptofInternationalTrade国际贸易的观念Internationaltradeistheexchangeofgoodsandservicesproducedinonecountryforthoseproducedinanothercountry.Inmostcasescountriesdonottradetheactualthegoodsandservices.Rathertheyusetheincomeormoneyfromthesaleoftheirproductstobuytheproductsofanotherc

2、ountry.1.2IntroductiontoInternationalPaymentsandSettlementsInternationalpaymentsandsettlementsarefinancialactivitiesconductedamongdifferentcountriesinwhichpaymentsareeffectedorfundsaretransferredfromonecountrytoanotherinordertoclearrelationsofdebts.国际支付与结算是指为清偿国际间的债权债务关系或跨国转移资金而发生在

3、不同国家之间的货币收付活动。1.2categories(分类)(1)、AccordingtothecauseofinternationalsettlementInternationaltradesettlement(国际贸易结算)Internationaltradesettlementiscreatedonthebasisofsalesofcommodities.国际贸易结算是指有形贸易活动（即由商品的进出口）引起的货币收付活动.（主要形式）Internationalnon-tradesettlement(国际非贸易结算)invisibletrade无形交易

4、financialtransaction金融业务paymentbetweengovernments政府间的款项others其他业务(2)、AccordingtowhethercashisusedCashsettlement(现金结算)Internationalpaymentsiseffectedbyshippingpreciousmetalstakingtheformofcoins,barsorbullionstoorfromthetradingcountries.Non-cashsettlement(非现金结算)Internationalpaymentis

5、settledbywayoftransferringfundsthroughtheaccountsopenedinthesebanks.Fourmajorclearingsystemsintheworld(四大清算系统)2.1SWIFT(SocietyforWorldwideInterbankFinancialTelecommunication)SWIFTisaserviceorganizationestablishedtomeetanumberofspecializedserviceneedsrelatingtointerbankfinancialcomm

6、unicationsthroughadedicateddataprocessingandtelecommunicationsystem.Membership会员制Lowexpenses低费用Security安全性Standardised标准化2.2CHIPS(TheClearingHouseInterbankPaymentSystem).纽约清算所同业支付系统2.3CHAPS（ClearingHouseAutomatedPaymentSystem）伦敦银行同业自动支付系统2.4TATGET（Trans-EuropeanAutomatedReal-TimeGr

7、oss-SettlementExpressTransfer）泛欧实时全额自动清算系统3.1CorrespondentBank代理银行Correspondentbankingisanarrangementunderwhichonebank(correspondent)holdsdepositsownedbyotherbanks(respondents)andprovidespaymentandotherservicestothoserespondentbanks.Sucharrangementsmayalsobeknownasagencyrelationshi

8、psinsomedomesticcontexts.是