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1、MCUDescriptionSCMisalsoknownasmicro-controller(MicrocontrollerUnit),commonlyusedlettersoftheacronymMCUthatitwasfirstusedinindustrialcontrol.OnlyasinglechipbytheCPUchipdevelopedfromadedicatedprocessor.ThefirstdesignisbyalargenumberofperipheralsandCPUon
2、achipinthecomputersystem,smaller,moreeasilyintegratedintoacomplexanddemandingonthevolumecontroldevicewhich.INTEL'sZ80isthefirstdesignedinaccordancewiththisideaprocessor,thenonthedevelopmentofmicrocontrolleranddedicatedprocessorshavepartedways.Are8-bit
3、microcontrollerearlyor4bits.OneofthemostsuccessfulistheINTEL8031,forasimple,reliableandgoodperformancewasalotofpraise.Thendevelopedin8031outofMCS51MCUSystems.SCMsystemsbasedonthissystemuntilnowarestillwidelyused.Withtheincreasedrequirementsofindustria
4、lcontrolfield,begana16-bitmicrocontroller,becausethecostisnotsatisfactorybuthavenotbeenverywidelyused.After90yearswiththegreatdevelopmentofconsumerelectronics,microcontrollertechnologyhasbeenahugeincrease.WithINTELi960series,especiallythelaterseriesof
5、widelyusedARM,32-bitmicrocontrollerquicklyreplacehigh-end16-bitMCUstatusandenterthemainstreammarket.Thetraditional8-bitmicrocontrollerperformanceshavebeentherapidincreasecapacityincreasecomparedto80thenumberoftimes.Currently,high-end32-bitmicrocontrol
6、lerclockedover300MHz,theperformancecatchingthemid-90'sdedicatedprocessor,whiletheaveragemodelpricesfalltooneU.S.dollars;themosthigh-endmodelonly10dollars.ModernSCMsystemsarenolongeronlyinthedevelopmentanduseofbaremetalenvironment,alargenumberofproprie
7、taryembeddedoperatingsystemiswidelyusedinthefullrangeofSCM.Thehandheldcomputersandcellphonesasthecoreprocessingofhigh-endmicrocontrollercanevenuseadedicatedWindowsandLinuxoperatingsystems.SCMismoresuitablethanthespecificprocessorusedinembeddedsystems,
8、soitwasuptotheapplication.InfactthenumberofSCMistheworld'slargestcomputer.Modernhumanlifeusedinalmosteverypieceofelectronicandmechanicalproductswillbeintegratedsinglechip.Phone,telephone,calculator,homeappliances,electronictoys,handheldcompute
