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时间:2019-06-14
《英语单词后缀》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、英语单词后缀后缀是一种重要的构词法,通过后缀常常可以判断出一个词的词性。一个英语单词可以分为三个部分:前缀(prefix),词根(stem)及后缀(suffix)。单词中位于词根前面的部分就是前缀。前缀,可以改变单词的意思。在语言学里,后缀,又称词尾,是一种后置于其他词素后的词缀。1、常见名词的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:1).-ster,-eer,-er(or)意为:从事某种职业或参与某种活动的人(personengagedinanoccupationoractivity)例词:gamester,gangster,songster,engineer,pr
2、ofiteer,mountaineer,auctioneer,driver,teacher,director,actor,professor2).-let意为:小或者不重要的东西(small,unimportantthings)例词:booklet,leaflet,starlet3).-ette意为:1)小的东西(small)例词:cigarette2)假的东西(imitation)例词:leatherette3)女性(female)例词:usherette4).-ess意为:女性(female)例词:actress,poetess,hostess,pa
3、intress5).-hood意为:时期(status;etc.)例词:boyhood,childhood,manhood6).-ship意为:才能,状态,资格,品质等(skill,state,condition,status,quality)例词:leadership,friendship,membership,lectureship,sportsmanship7).-ful意为:量(theamountwhichnouncontains)例词:cupful,handful,mouthful,spoonful8).-tion,-ion意为:1)状态,行动
4、等(state;action;etc.)例词:action,oppression,possession,education,starva-tion2)机构等(institution;etc.)例词:organization,foundation9).-ment意为:状态,行动等(state;action;etc.)例词:movement,enslavement,pavement10).-al意为:动作(action)例词:arrival,refusal,revival,recital,removal11).-age意为:程度,数量等(extent;amo
5、unt;etc.)例词:wastage,coverage,acreage,shrinkage,breakage,hostage12).-ness;-ity(ty)意为:状态,品质(state;quality;etc.)例词:happiness,usefulness,selfishness,kindness,rapidity,activity,sanity,-14/14-changeability13).-ism意为:道义,主义,学说等(doctrineof,practiceof)例词:idealism,impressionism,absenteeism,
6、racism2使一个词变为动词的后缀。常见的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:1).-ify意为:转为,变为(toturninto,tomakeorbecome)例词:beautify,diversify,simplify2).-ize;-en意为:使……,变得……(tomakeorbecome;tomakeinto)例词:modernize,popularize,legalize,hospitalize,symbolize,ripen,widen,heighten,threaten3).-ate意为:增加,使……听写(giveoradd,makeorbecom
7、e)例词:originate,hydrogenate,validate,differentiate3常见形容词的此类后缀及其具体含义如下:1).-ful意为:充满,有(fullof;hav-ing;giving;etc.)例词:useful,pitiful,hopeful,careful,helpful,forgetful,thankful,fearful2).-less意为:没有,无(without;notgiving)例词:speechless,childless,harmless,hopeless,meaningless,homeless3).-l
8、y意为:有……品质的(havingthequalitiesof)例词:beast
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