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1、TheComparativeSuperlativeDegreesofAdjectives&Adverbs形容词和副词比较级和最高级请你思考:什么是形容词和副词?形容词用于修饰名词,表示人或事物的属性或特征等。副词是用来说明动作或状态的特征,说明时间,地点,程度等概念。它用来修饰动词、形容词、副词、短语或句子。形容词和副词的级别大多数形容词和副词有三个等级:原级比较级最高级请你观察:形容词和副词比较等级的变化规律longlongerlongestnicenicernicestbigbiggerbiggestea
2、rlyearlierearliestinterestingmoreinterestingmostinterestingcarefullymorecarefullymostcarefullyfriendlymorefriendlymostfriendlyfriendlierfriendliestgoodbetterbestmany/much原级比较级最高级latelater-latestearlyearlier–earliestbigbigger-biggestfluently/difficultmore~,m
3、ost~重读闭音节、末尾只有一个辅音字母双写加–er或–est单音节词在词尾比较级加-er或最高级加-est以e结尾的词,只需加-r或-st以辅音字母加y结尾双音节词变y为i加–er或–est部分双音节和多音节词在原级前加more或most少数以er,ow结尾的双音节词加-er-esttalltaller-tallestclevercleverer-cleverestcheap,cold,small,warm,young,highfine,nice,safehappy,busy,dirty,easy,lazy
4、,prettyfat,hot,red,thin,wet,sadnarrow,yellowquickly,slowly,useful,careful,popular,modern,形容词和副词比较级和最高级构成(规则变化)不规则变化good/well–better-bestmuch/many–more-mostbad/badly/ill–worse–worstlittle–less–leastfar–farther/further–farthest–furthestold–older/elder–oldest/
5、eldesthotbigfatthinredwetsadglad…二.不规则变化的词有哪些?原级比较级最高级good/wellbetterbestbad/ill/badlyworseworstmany/muchmoremostlittlelessleastoldolderoldesteldereldestfarfartherfarthestfurtherfurthest请你牢记:一,要双写再加-er,-est的词有哪些?Notes:类似slowly,quickly这样的双音节词,虽然也是辅音字母加y结尾,但这
6、里的-ly是表示副词的后缀,因此比较级和最高级的构成是在单词前加more和most。2.强调程度时,形容词和副词前可加上too,very,so,quite等。比较级前则要加上much,even,alittle,alot,still,abit等词(组),表示程度。3.farther常指时间、距离上的远。further可以代替farther,还常用于引伸和抽象的意义,表示“进一步,更深刻,更深入等”。4.older表示年龄大小或年代的久远,elder表示兄弟姐妹之间的长幼关系。SpeedupSpeedupcomp
7、etitionwarmwarm–warmer-warmestlittlelittle–less-leastquicklyquicklymorequickly–mostquicklyhothot–hotter-hottesthappyhappy–happier-happiestnicenice–nicer-nicestbad/badly/illbad/badly/ill–worse-worstpopularpopularmorepopular–mostpopularnarrownarrow-narrower-n
8、arrowest1以-ly结尾的是形容词而不是副词:costly昂贵的lonely孤独的deadly死一般的lively活泼的friendly友好的silly傻气的kindly热心肠的likely可能的leisurely悠闲的ugly长得丑的brotherly兄弟般的monthly每月的earthly尘世的2只作以“a”开头的很多形容词只能做表语:afraid害怕的alike相象的awake醒着的a