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ID:38415162
大小:236.00 KB
页数:47页
时间:2019-06-12
《Ch25Monopoly Behavio(微观-范里安-(上海交通大学,赵旭 )r》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、ChapterTwenty-FiveMonopolyBehaviorHowShouldaMonopolyPrice?Sofaramonopolyhasbeenthoughtofasafirmwhichhastosellitsproductatthesamepricetoeverycustomer.Thisisuniformpricing.Canprice-discriminationearnamonopolyhigherprofits?TypesofPriceDiscrimination1st-degr
2、ee:Eachoutputunitissoldatadifferentprice.Pricesmaydifferacrossbuyers.2nd-degree:Thepricepaidbyabuyercanvarywiththequantitydemandedbythebuyer.Butallcustomersfacethesamepriceschedule.E.g.bulk-buyingdiscounts.TypesofPriceDiscrimination3rd-degree:Pricepaidby
3、buyersinagivengroupisthesameforallunitspurchased.Butpricemaydifferacrossbuyergroups.E.g.,seniorcitizenandstudentdiscountsvs.nodiscountsformiddle-agedpersons.First-degreePriceDiscriminationEachoutputunitissoldatadifferentprice.Pricemaydifferacrossbuyers.I
4、trequiresthatthemonopolistcandiscoverthebuyerwiththehighestvaluationofitsproduct,thebuyerwiththenexthighestvaluation,andsoon.First-degreePriceDiscriminationp(y)y$/outputunitMC(y)Sellthethunitfor$First-degreePriceDiscriminationp(y)y$/outputunitMC(y)Sellth
5、ethunitfor$Lateronsellthethunitfor$First-degreePriceDiscriminationp(y)y$/outputunitMC(y)Sellthethunitfor$Lateronsellthethunitfor$Finallysellthethunitformarginalcost,$First-degreePriceDiscriminationp(y)y$/outputunitMC(y)Thegainstothemonopolistonthesetrade
6、sare:andzero.Theconsumers’gainsarezero.First-degreePriceDiscriminationp(y)y$/outputunitMC(y)Sothesumofthegainstothemonopolistonalltradesisthemaximumpossibletotalgains-to-trade.PSFirst-degreePriceDiscriminationp(y)y$/outputunitMC(y)Themonopolistgetsthemax
7、imumpossiblegainsfromtrade.PSFirst-degreepricediscriminationisPareto-efficient.First-degreePriceDiscriminationFirst-degreepricediscriminationgivesamonopolistallofthepossiblegains-to-trade,leavesthebuyerswithzerosurplus,andsuppliestheefficientamountofoutp
8、ut.Third-degreePriceDiscriminationPricepaidbybuyersinagivengroupisthesameforallunitspurchased.Butpricemaydifferacrossbuyergroups.Third-degreePriceDiscriminationAmonopolistmanipulatesmarketpricebyalteringthequantityofproduc
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