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1、长篇阅读考前实战练习练习一TheThree-YearSolution[A]HartwickCollege,asmallliberal-artsschoolinupstateNewYork,makesthisoffertowell-preparedstudents:earnyourundergraduatedegreeinthreeyearsinsteadoffour,andsaveabout$43,000—theamountofoneyear’stuitionandfees.Anumberofinnovativecollegesar
2、emakingthesameoffertostudentsanxiousaboutsavingtimeandmoney.That’sbothanopportunityandawarningforthebesthigher-educationsystemintheworld.[B]TheUnitedStateshasalmostalloftheworld’sbestuniversities.ArecentChinesesurveyranks35Americanuniversitiesamongthetop50,eightamongth
3、etop10.OurresearchuniversitieshavebeenthekeytodevelopingthecompetitiveadvantagesthathelpAmericansproduce25%ofalltheworld’swealth.In2007,623,805oftheworld’sbrighteststudentswereattractedtoAmericanuniversities.[C]Yet,therearesignsofperilwithinAmericanhighereducation.U.S.
4、collegeshavetocompeteinthemarketplace.Studentsmaychooseamong6,000public,private,nonprofit,for-profit,orreligiousinstitutionsofhigherlearning.Inaddition,almostallofthe$32billionthefederalgovernmentprovidesforuniversityresearchisawardedcompetitively.[D]Butmanycollegesand
5、universitiesarestuckinthepast.Forinstance,theideaofthefall-to-spring“schoolyear”hasn’tchangedmuchsincebeforetheAmericanRevolution,whenwewereanationoffarmersandstudentsputtheirbooksawaytoworkthesoilduringthesummer.Thatlongsummerstretchnolongermakessense.FormerGeorgeWash
6、ingtonUniversitypresidentStephenTrachtenbergestimatesthatatypicalcollegeusesitsfacilitiesforacademicpurposesalittlemorethanhalfthecalendaryear.“Whilecollegefacilitiessitidle,theycontinuetogeneratemaintenanceexpensesthatcontributetothehighcostofrunningacollege,”hehaswri
7、tten.[E]Withinacademicdepartments,tenure,combinedwithage-discriminationlaws,makesfacultyturnover—criticalforauniversitytoremaincurrentinchangingtimes—difficult.Insteadofprotectingspeechandencouragingdiversityandinnovativethinking,thetenuresystemoftenstiflesthem:younger
8、professorsmustwintheapprovalofestablishedcolleaguesfortenure,encouraginglikemindednessandsometimesinhibitingthefreefl
