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1、鄂尔多斯盆地致密油、页岩油特征及资源潜力摘要：长庆油田对渗透率为0.3~1mD的超低渗透油藏已实现了规模有效开发。考虑到鄂尔多斯盆地石油勘探开发实际，将储集层地面空气渗透率小于0.3mD，赋存于油页岩及其互层共生的致密砂岩储层中，石油未经过大规模长距离运移的油藏称为致密油，包括致密砂岩油藏和页岩油藏2大类。延长组致密油主要发育于半深湖—深湖相区，以延长组7段（简称长7）油层组油页岩、致密砂岩和湖盆中部的延长组6段（简称长6）油层组致密砂岩最为典型。致密油具有分布范围广，烃源岩条件优越，砂岩储层致密，孔喉结构复杂，物性差，含
2、油饱和度高，原油性质好，油藏压力系数低的特点。纳米级孔喉系统广泛发育是致密油储集体连续油气聚集的根本特征，延长组致密砂岩储层中大多连通的孔喉直径大于临界孔喉直径，满足油气在致密储层中运移的条件。根据致密油层与生油岩层的接触关系，确定了3种致密油储集层类型：①致密块状砂岩储层；②砂岩-泥岩互层型储层；③油页岩型致密储层。鄂尔多斯盆地长6和长7油层组致密油分布广泛，初步预测致密油总资源量约30×108t，其中长7油层组页岩油资源量超过10×108t，长7油层组致密砂岩油资源量约9×108t，长6油层组致密砂岩油资源量约11×1
3、08t。致密油资源是长庆油田实现年产油气当量5000×104t并长期稳产较为现实的石油接替资源。关键词：致密砂岩油；致密页岩油；致密油；致密油储层；资源潜力；延长组；鄂尔多斯盆地中图分类号：TE122.14文献标识码：ACharacteristicsandresourceprospectsoftightoilandshaleoilinOrdosBasinYangHua1,2LiShixiang2,3LiuXianyang2,3(1.PetroChinaChangqingOilfieldCompany,Xi’an710018
4、,China;2.NationalEngineeringLaboratoryforExplorationandDevelopmentofLow-PermeabilityOil&GasFields,Xi’an710018,China;3.ResearchInstituteofExplorationandDevelopment,PetroChinaChangqingOilfieldCompany,Xi’an710018,China)Abstract:Changqingoilfieldcompanyhasbeenrealized
5、efficientandscaledevelopmentofthesuperlowpermeabilityreservoirwhichpermeabilityissituatedbetween0.3mDand1mD.ConsideringthepetroleumexplorationanddevelopmentpracticeofOrdosBasin,thetightoilreferstoairpermeabilityofreservoirlessthan0.3mD,andanoilthataccumulatesinoil
6、shaleandtightsandstonesinterbeddedwithoradjacenttosourcerocks.Generally,thisoilaccumulationhasnotyetexperiencedalarge-scale,long-distancemigration.Thetightoilincludetightsandstoneoilreservoirandtightshaleoilreservoir.ThetightoilofYanchangFormationismainlydeveloped
7、inthehalfdeeplacustrinetodeeplacustrinezone,forthetypicaltooilshaleandtightsandstoneofChang7interval,tightsandstoneofthecentrallakeofChang6interval.Tightoilhascharacteristicsofwidedistribution,hydrocarbonsourcerockconditionissuperior,sandstonereservoirdensity,pore
8、throatstructurecomplexity,poorphysicalproperties,highoilsaturation,betteroilpropertyandlowpressurecoefficient.Nano-sizedpore-throatsystemwidelydevelopme
