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时间:2019-06-10
《定语从句的归纳和总结》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、定语从句的归纳和总结修饰名词或者代词的从句叫做定语从句。被修饰的名词或者代词叫先行词;定语从句的引导词叫关系词(关系代词&关系副词);定语从句分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句(前有逗号隔开)引导定语从句的关系代词有:thatwhichwhowhomwhoseas关系副词有:whenwherewhy定语从句的十大考点,本人总结如下:1.that与which在指代物时的用法区别that和which都可以引导先行词为物的定语从句,但是用法有区别:①只能用that的五种情况a.先行词为不定代词或先行
2、词由不定代词修饰时b.先行词前有最高级或序数词修饰时c.先行词即有人又有物时d.先行词前有thevery,theonly修饰时e.主句为which,或who引导的特殊疑问句时②只能用which的两种情况a.非限定性定语从句中b.介词之后引导定语从句时2.which与as的区别as和which都可以引导非限制性定语从句,三种情况下只能用as,不能用whicha.as置于句首引导定语从句时(Asweknow,…)b.as含有“正如”之意(…asweexpected)c.先行词前有such,thesa
3、me修饰时(…suchaneasyquestionasthelittleboycananswer.)3.who、whom、that的区别a.先行词为those或people时,常用关系代词who,不用thatb.介词之后用关系代词whom引导定语从句4.whose用法whose+n.引导定语从句的结构是定语从句的一个考查热点,此结构可以换成是the+n.+of+which引导定语从句或者可以换成是ofwhich+the+n.如:Themanpulledoutagoldwatch,thehands
4、ofwhichweremadeofsmalldiamonds.whosehands/ofwhichthehands5.介词+关系代词引导定语从句的用法a.介词之后的关系代词只能用which(先行词为物)或者是whom(先行词为人)b.介词的选择方法有三个原则:一“先”二“动”三“意义”Ilostmypen,withwhichItooknotes.(先行词为pen,使用钢笔用with)Thisisthehouseinwhichhelives.(定语从句中谓语动词live为不及物动词)Thegasi
5、soxygenwithoutwhichwecan’tlive.(根据句意决定)6.先行词为way时先行词为way,在定语从句中作状语时,用that,inwhich引导定语从句,也可以省略关系词。如:Idon’tliketheway(that/inwhich)hespeakstohisparents.7.关系副词when、where、when引导定语从句的具体用法①先行词表示时间、地点、原因时,在定语从句中作状语,选择相应的关系副词when、where、why引导定语从句。若其在定语从句中作主语或
6、宾语,则选择关系代词引导定语从句。区别三组例句:wherehelives.a.Thisistheplacethat/whichhevisitedlastyear.whenmybrotherwasalittleboy.b.Istillrememberthetimethat/whichwespenttogether.whyhewaslate.c.Thisisthereasonthat/whichhegaveus.②某些非地点时间名词有定语从句修饰,关系词在从句中作状语,由where引导定语从句(st
7、age,case,point,situation);同样用法的还有occasion,由when引导定语从句。如:Icanthinkofmanycaseswherestudentsknowalotofwordsbutdon’twriteagoodessay.Therearemanyoccasionswhenpeopledon’tknowwhattheywant.8.定语从句中的谓语动词关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,定语从句中的谓语动词应该与先行词保持一致。如:Anyonewhowantstohav
8、eaholidayputsupyourhand.Thosewhowanttohaveaholidayputupyourhand.Thisisoneofthestudentswhohavepassedtheexam.Thisistheonlyoneofthestudentswhohaspassedtheexam.9.区分定语从句和其他句型①区别于简单句和并列句,mostofwhomareboys.(定语从句)Thereare70studentsinourclass,andmostofthemare
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