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1、NonfinitiveVerbs非谓语动词一，动词不定式(以动词study为例)语态时态主动态被动态一般式完成式进行式tostudytobestudiedtohavestudiedtohavebeenstudiedtobestudying-------二，动词的–ing分词（以make为例）语态时态主动态被动态一般式完成式makingbeingmadehavingmadehavingbeenmade三，动词的–ed分词只有一般式，例如，made表被动。非谓语动词在句中所作的成分形式成分不定式--ing分词--ed分词主语宾语表语宾
2、语补足语定语状语√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√√非谓语动词是指在句子中不做谓语的动词形式，包括“todo(todo,tohavedone,tobedone)”,“doing(doing,havingdone)”,“done(done,beingdone,havingbeendone)”三种形式。例：Tosayisonething,todoisanother.Hiswishistobecomeanengineerinthefuture.Thewallneedstoberepaired./repairing.Heregrettedto
3、havetoldherthebadnews.Iregrettosaythejobhasbeenfilled.后悔已经告诉抱歉要说Findingworkisdifficultthesedays.Beinglostcanbeatrerrifyingexperience.Don’tbeangrywithmefornothavingwritten.Whoisthewomanwaitingoutside?Whatdisappointingnews!Seeingthecat,themouseranoff.Althoughlivingmiles
4、away,heattendedthecourse.Havingfailedtwice,hedidn’twanttotryagain.Nothavingreceivedaletterfromhisparents,hedeciededtowriteagain.Borninapoorfamily,hecouldnotgotoschool.Heisamanlovedbyall.Thewomantalkedaboutisveryrich.Askedwhyhecame,hekeptsilent.Hecamein,followedbyhisse
5、cretary.Writteninhaste,thebookhasmanymistakes.Havingbeenburiedundergroundformanyyears,theleavesturnedintocoalandoil.分词的逻辑主语问题Ioftenhearhimsingingthissong.Ioftenhearthissongsung.Hearingthenews,hecouldn’thelpcrying.1.Findinghercarstolen,_________.A.apolicemanwasaskedtoh
6、elpB.theareawassearchedthoroughlyC.itwaslookedforeverywhereD.shehurriedtoapolicemanforhelpD2._________manytimes,hestilldidn’tunderstandit.A.HavingbeentoldB.ThoughtobetoldC.HavingtoldD.hewastold3.________manytimes,buthestilldidn’tunderstandit.A.HavingbeentoldB.Thoughhe
7、wastoldC.TohavebeentoldD.Hewastold4.ToimproveherEnglish,___________.A.HerfatherboughthermanytapesB.ManytapeshavebeenboughtC.ShehasboughtmanytapesD.TobuymanytapesADC分词的独立主格结构Thejobfinished,wewenthome.Theweatherbeingfine,wewentswimming.Hebeingabsent,nothingcouldbedone.当
8、分词的逻辑主语不是主句的主语时，要给出它自己的主语，构成独立主格结构。相当于：Afterthejobwasfinished,wewenthome.Becausetheweatherwasfine,wewentswimming.Becausehewa
