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1、一.动名词做主语的用法动名词做主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作,在口语中也可以表示具体的动作。如:Seeingisbelieving.Helpingherismyduty.动名词GrammarTalkingmendsnoholes.空谈无济于事。Workingwithyouisapleasure.和你一起工作是一种乐趣。动名词做主语和不定式做主语一样,也可以用it作形式主语。如:It'srathertiringwalkingaroundinacity.不定式做主语往往表示具体的特别是将来的动作。如:It'snousecryingoverspiltmilk.覆水难收。Here
2、alizedthattogoonlikethiswaswrong.(指抽象动作)(指具体动作)【考例】—WhatdoyouthinkmadeMarysoupset?—__________hernewbicycle.(1997上海高考题)A.Asshelost B.LostC.Losing D.Becauseoflosing二.动名词作宾语的用法1.有些动词或短语动词后常用动名词作宾语。如admit,appreciate,avoid,can'tstand(不能忍受),consider,delay,devote…to,dislikeenjoy,escape,excu
3、se,feellike,finish,forgive,getdownto,giveup,imagine.insiston,keep(on),lookforwardto,mention,mind,miss(错过),payattentionto,practice,putoff,stickto,suggest等等。Doingmorningexercisesisgoodforyourhealth.做早操对你的健康有好处。Hershoeswantsmending.她的鞋该修理了。注意:当need,want,require,worth后面接doing也可以表示被动。Yourhairwa
4、ntscutting.你的头发该理了。Thefloorrequireswashing.地板需要冲洗。Ihavefinishedwritingthisbook.我已经写完这本书了。【考例】Ican'timagine__________thatwiththem.(MET1986)A.do B.todoC.beingdone D.doingShelooksforwardeveryspringto__________theflower-linedgarden.(1995上海高考题)A.visitB.payingavisitC.walkinD.walkingin解
5、析:考查短语动词lookforwardto后跟动名词作宾语的用法。2.在allow,advise,forbid,permit后直接跟动名词作宾语,如果有名词或代词作宾语,则构成“allow/advise/forbid/permit+名词/代词+不定式(宾语补足语)”之形式。如:Wedon'tallowsmokinghere.Wedon'tallowanybodytosmokehere.3.动词need,require,want意为“需要”时,后跟动名词的主动式或不定式的被动式作宾语,意义没有区别。如:Thewindowneeds/requires/wantscleaning
6、/tobecleaned.4.在begin,continue,love,like,hate,prefer,intend,start后用动名词和用不定式作宾语均可,意义没有多大区别。5.动词forget,goon,mean,regret,remember,stop,try,beusedto,can'thelp后跟动名词和跟不定式区别较大,须注意。forget,regret,remember后跟动名词,动名词表示已经发生的动作;后跟不定式表示将要发生的动作。goondoing继续做原来做的事goontodo接着做另一件事meandoing意味着要做某事meantodo想要做某事
7、stopdoing停止做某事stoptodo停下来(别的事)开始做某事trydoing试着做某事trytodo努力做某事beusedtodoing习惯于做某事beusedtodo被用来做某事can'thelpdoing禁不住做某事can'thelptodo不能帮助做某事【考例】—Let'shavearest.—Notnow.Idon'twanttostop__________yet.(MET1985)A.study B.tostudyC.forstudying D.studying解析:stop