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1、西北农业学报2010,19(1):201206ActaAgriculturaeBorealioccidentalisSinica*不同保水剂的吸水保水特性1,221*陈海丽,吴震,刘明池(1.国家蔬菜工程技术研究中心,北京100089;2.南京农业大学园艺学院,江苏南京210095)摘要:对3种(两种类型)保水剂的理化性质,保水剂在水中和土壤中的吸水、保水特性进行了测定。结果表明:保水剂溶液的pH在6.72~8.5间,并随保水剂浓度增加而略有下降,EC值随浓度增加而增加,淀粉类保水剂
2、的pH、EC值高于聚丙烯酸盐类。淀粉类保水剂吸水速率比聚丙烯酸盐类保水剂快,需要10~20min,而聚丙烯酸盐类需要60min达到吸水饱和。无论在水中还是土壤中,聚丙烯酸盐类保水剂吸水倍数均大于淀粉类,其在蒸馏水中吸水倍数为620.40倍,而淀粉类保水剂为400倍左右。保水剂能增加土壤含水量,并且在一定范围内随着保水剂浓度的增加,吸水量增加;在不同土壤水分含量条件下,均能抑制水分的蒸发,提高土壤含水量,淀粉类保水剂作用大于聚丙烯酸盐类。保水剂对砂土的作用大于壤土。关键词:保水剂;理化性质;吸水性;
3、保水性中图分类号:S157.3文献标识码:A文章编号:10041389(2010)01020106AnalysisofWaterAbsorptivityandRetentionPropertiesofDifferentWaterRetainingAgents1,221*CHENHaili,WUZhenandLIUMingchi(1.NationalEngineeringResearchCenterforVegetables,Beijing100089,China;2.Co
4、llegeofHorticulture,NanjingAgricultureUniversity,NanjingJiangsu210095,China)Abstract:Thebasicpropertiesof2typesofwaterretainingagentswasstudied.Theresultsshowedthatthephysicalproperties,waterabsorptivityandwaterretentioninwaterandsoilweredifferentbet
5、weendifferentsuperabsorbentpolymers.ThepHvaluewasbetween6.72and8.5.ThepHvaluedecreasedalittleandtheECvalueincreasedwhentheconcentrationofwaterretainingagentraised.ThestarchwaterretainingagenthashigherpH,ECvalueandwaterabsorbingspeedthanthepolyacry
6、latewaterretainingagent.Butallofthe3waterretainingagentsreachedthesaturationpointin60minutes.Thewaterabsorptivityofthepolyacrylatewaterretainingagentwashigherthanthestarchanditsabsorptivityindistilledwaterwas620.40andthestarchwaterretainingagentwa
7、sabout400.Thewaterabsorbingandholdingcapacityofsoilwasimprovedwhenwaterretainingagentwasadded.Thewaterabsorbingamountwasincreasedastheconcentrationofwaterretainingagentraised,andtheeffectwashigheronsandysoilthanloamysoil.Waterretainingagentcouldr
8、educewaterevaporationandincreasesoilwatercontent.Andtheeffectofthestarchwaterretainingagentwasbetterthanthepolyacrylatewaterretainingagent.Keywords:Waterretainingagent;Physicalproperty;Waterabsorptivity;Waterretention随着水资源的日益缺乏,节水技术成为农业研究
