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1、第23卷第1期水土保持学报Vol.23No.12009年2月JournalofSoilandWaterConservationFeb.,2009*基于数值模拟的土壤水渗漏对降雨条件的响应1,211,31,21左海军,张奇,徐力刚,刘健,王晓龙(1.中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,湖泊与环境国家重点实验室,江苏南京210008;2.中国科学院研究生院,北京100049;3.河海大学水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室,江苏南京210098)摘要:为了揭示土壤水渗漏对不同降雨条件的响应规律,采用数值模拟方法模拟了不同降雨情景下土壤
2、水渗漏量的变化,并与实际降雨条件下现场观测结果进行比较。结果表明,土壤水的渗漏率与降雨强度关系密切;在保持总降雨量不变的前提下,低频率但高强度的降雨条件下土壤水渗漏总量明显高于高频率但低强度的降雨条件下的土壤水渗漏总量。土壤水瞬时下渗率与前期降雨事件有关,短时间内多次出现的降雨事件显著增大土壤水的下渗率。本研究可为减少土壤营养物质流失以及制定合理的农田水肥管理措施提供理论依据和科学指导。关键词:土壤水渗漏;降雨条件;数值模拟;HYDRUS-1D中图分类号:S152.72文献标识码:A文章编号:10092242(200
3、9)01003105NumericalInvestigationonResponseofSoilWaterPercolationtoRainfallCondition1,211,31,21ZUOHaijun,ZHANGQi,XULigang,LIUJian,WANGXiaolong(1.StateKeyLaboratoryofLakeScienceandEnvironment,NanjingInstituteofGeography&Limnology,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Nanjing,Ji
4、angsu210008;2.GraduateSchoolofChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing100049;3.StateKeyLaboratoryofHydrologyWaterResourcesandHydraulicEngineering,HehaiUniversity,Nanjing,Jiangsu210098)Abstract:Agriculturalnonpointsourcepollutioncausedbynitrogenlossfromfarmlandsoilhasbeenbec
5、omingincreasinglyseriousinrecentyears.Thisproblemhasattractedgreatattentionsintheacademiccommunity.Soilnitrogenlossishighlyrelevanttothesoilwaterleakageandpercolation,andsoilwaterpercolationisfurtherdrivenbytherainfallconditionatthesoilsurface.Inordertorevealtheresp
6、onseofsoilwaterpercolationtodifferentrainfallconditions,thispaperemployedanumericalmodeltosimulatethesoilwaterpercolationratesunderdifferentrainfallscenarios.Themodelwasfirstcalibratedusingfieldobserveddata.Resultsindicatedthatsoilwaterpercolationrateishighlycorrel
7、atedtotherainfallintensity.Forthesametotalvolumeofrainfall,thevolumeofsoilwaterpercolationunderrainfalleventsoflowfrequencyandhighintensityisgreaterthanthevolumeunderrainfalleventsofhighfrequencyandlowintensity.Ontheotherhand,thepercolationrateisrelevanttotheprecedin
8、grainfallevents.Multiplerainfalleventsinarelativelyshortperiodwillresultinapeakpercolationrate.Thefindingsinthispapermayprov
