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1、华北农学报·2007,22(6):1652170长期施用有效微生物肥对冬小麦-夏玉米生长和产量的影响1,234同小娟,李俊,李维炯(1.北京师范大学资源学院,北京100875;2.北京林业大学资源与环境学院,北京100083;3.中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101;4.中国农业大学资源与环境学院,北京100094)摘要:在多年连续定位试验研究的基础上,研究了不同施肥方式对冬小麦、夏玉米生长和产量的影响。结果表明:EM微生物堆肥能明显增加冬小麦和夏玉米的产量。EM微生物堆肥处理的年均总产比等量传统堆肥增产813%～819%,其中冬小麦增产813%,夏
2、玉米增产812%～914%。EM微生物堆肥能在一定程度降低土壤容重,增加土壤含水量,改善作物的生长环境。EM微生物堆肥处理的冬小麦、夏玉米总光合势比等量传统堆肥分别高5%～36%,512%～1413%,比化肥处理分别高19%～72%,1916%～4614%,随EM微生物堆肥施用量的增加差异更明显。EM微生物堆肥比较高的光合势加快了干物质的积累速度,从而提高了冬小麦、夏玉米的群体生长速率。关键词:EM微生物堆肥;冬小麦;夏玉米;光合势;群体生长率;产量中图分类号:S14文献标识码:A文章编号:1000-7091(2007)06-0165-06EffectofEff
3、ectiveMicroorganismsCompostonWinterWheatandSummerMaizeGrowthandYields1,234TONGXiao2juan,LIJun,LIWei2jiong(1.CollegeofResourceScience,BejingNormalUniversity,Beijing100875,China;2.CollegeofResourceandEnvironmentalScience,BeijingForestryUniversity,Beijing100083,China;3.InstituteofGeogra
4、phicSciencesandNaturalResourcesResearch,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Beijing100101,China;4.CollegeofResourceandEnvironmentalScience,ChinaAgriculturalUniversity,Beijing100094,China)Abstract:Basedonmanyyearsresearchesinthefield,theexperimentwasconductedtostudytheeffectsofthedif2ferentferti
5、lizeronwinterwheatandsummermaizegrowthandyields.TheresultsshowedthatEMmicrobialcompostin2creasedwinterwheatandsummermaizeyieldssignificantly.TheannualaverageyieldofEMmicrobialcomposttreatmentwas813%-819%higherthanthesameamounttraditionalcomposttreatment,and813%higherinwinterwheatand8
6、12%-914%insummermaize.EMmicrobialcompostcoulddecreasesoilbulkdensity,increasingsoilwatercontentandimprovingtheenvironmentofcropgrowth.EMmicrobialcompostcouldenhancewinterwheatleafareadurationobvi2ously.ThetotalleafareadurationoftheEMmicrobialcomposttreatmentwere5%-36%forwinterwheatan
7、d512%-1413%forsummermaizehigherthanthesameamounttraditionalcomposttreatment,19%-72%and1916%-4614%higherthanfertilizertreatment,respectively.ThediffencesweremoreobviousastheamountofEMmicrobialcompostap2pliedincreasingly.ThehigherleafareadurationofEMmicrobialcompostimproveddrymatteracc
8、umulationrat
