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1、WirelessNetw(2009)15:193–207DOI10.1007/s11276-007-0035-8Anunequalcluster-basedroutingprotocolinwirelesssensornetworksGuihaiChen·ChengfaLi·MaoYe·JieWuPublishedonline:3April2007CSpringerScience+BusinessMedia,LLC2007AbstractClusteringprovidesaneffectivemethodforpro-1Introductionlongingth
2、elifetimeofawirelesssensornetwork.Currentclusteringalgorithmsusuallyutilizetwotechniques;select-Rapidtechnologicaladvancesinmicro-electro-mechanicalingclusterheadswithmoreresidualenergy,androtatingsystems(MEMS)andlow-powerwirelesscommunicationclusterheadsperiodicallytodistributetheener
3、gyconsump-haveenabledthedeploymentoflargescalewirelesssen-tionamongnodesineachclusterandextendthenetworksornetworks.Thepotentialapplicationsofsensornetworkslifetime.However,theyrarelyconsiderthehotspotprob-arehighlyvaried,suchasenvironmentalmonitoring,tar-leminmultihopsensornetworks.Wh
4、enclusterheadsco-gettracking,andbattlefieldsurveillance[1,2].Sensorsinoperatewitheachothertoforwardtheirdatatothebasesuchanetworkareequippedwithsensing,dataprocess-station,theclusterheadsclosertothebasestationarebur-ingandwirelesscommunicationcapabilities.Distinguisheddenedwithheavierre
5、laytrafficandtendtodiemuchfaster,fromtraditionalwirelessnetworks,sensornetworksarechar-leavingareasofthenetworkuncoveredandcausingnet-acterizedbyseverepower,computation,andmemorycon-workpartitions.Tomitigatethehotspotproblem,wepro-straints.Duetolimitedandnon-rechargeableenergypro-posean
6、UnequalCluster-basedRouting(UCR)protocol.Itvision,theenergyresourceofsensornetworksshouldbegroupsthenodesintoclustersofunequalsizes.Clusterheadsmanagedwiselytoextendthelifetimeofsensors.Althoughclosertothebasestationhavesmallerclustersizesthanthosemuchattentionhasbeenpaidtolow-powerhar
7、dwaredesignfartherfromthebasestation,thustheycanpreservesomeandcollaborativesignalprocessingtechniques,energyef-energyfortheinter-clusterdataforwarding.Agreedygeo-ficientalgorithmsmustbesuppliedatvariousnetworkinggraphicandenergy-awareroutingprotocolisdesignedforlayers.Inaddition,itis
