Unit 4(I)—The Birth of a Science

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1、Unit4（I）—TheBirthofaScience 二. 知识总结与归纳：1.Untilthen,mostlydoctorsandsurgeonsstudiedherbs.Attemptshadbeenmadebyotherstoclassifyplantspeciesintogroups,butthebreakthroughcamewiththeworkofCarlLinnaeus.直到那时为止，内科医生和外科医生大都研究过草药，另一些尝试按植物种类进行分类，但是突破性进展却来自CarlLinnaeus。mostly：大

2、部分地，主要地Moreimmigrantsarrived,mostlyEuropeans.ThefilmwasmadeinScotland,mostlyinGlasgow.Attemptshadbeenmade…是makeattemptstodo/atsth.的被动形式。Shemadeanattempttohideherdistress.Theyfailedinalltheirattemptstoclimbthemountain.attempt 作为及物动词，表示：尝试，企图Youareattemptingadifficult

3、task.2.Inhissystemtheidentificationofdifferentspecieswasbasedonthearrangementofthemaleandfemaleorgansintheflowers.在他的分类体系中，不同种群的鉴别是以花中的雄性和雌性器官的排列为基础的。bebasedon：建立在……基础之上Hisreasoningisconvincingbecauseitisbasedonscientificanalysis.Oneshouldalwaysbaseone’sopiniononfac

4、ts.Sheusedherfamily’shistoryasabaseforhernovel.3.Bornintoalifeofprivilege,JosephBankswasthesonofawealthyfamily.JosephBanks是一个富裕家庭的儿子，生来就享有特权生活。beborninto/to/of… 出生于……Magiewasbornintoawealthyfamily.ShewasbornofGermanparents.born的其他用法：Hewasabornmusician.Abornteacher,s

5、hethoughtshecouldturnadeaf-blindpersonintoausefulhumanbeing.Allmenarebornthesameandequal.4.Manyyoungmeninhispositionwouldleadacosylife,butyoungBankshadanappetiteforknowledge.许多像他这样有地位的年轻人过的是舒适安逸的生活，而年轻的Banks却渴求知识。position：处境；境地；地位；位置；姿势I’mnotsurewhatIshoulddoifIwere

6、inhisposition.TheyweremenofthehighestpositioninEngland.haveanappetitefor：渴望做……Ihaveagreatappetiteforclassicalmusic.Don’teatthecake,oryouwillspoilyourappetite.Helosthisappetiteforpoliticsafterbeatenintheelection.5.Asastronomywasoneofthemostimportantbranchesofscience,

7、itwastheBritishgovernmentthatpaidforalltheequipmentandexpensesforthatpartoftheexpedition.因为天文学是一个很重要的科学分支，所以英国政府赞助了这次考察中天文学部分所需要的设备和经费。后半句是一个强调句：被强调部分是：theBritishgovernmentExpense：花费，开支　　常用短语：at…expense  如：atgreat/noexpenseHehadhisbookathisownexpense.Hefinishedthewo

8、rkattheexpenseofhisrest.6.Bankswasthefirsttomovecropsfromonecontinenttoanotheronalargescale,helpingtodeveloplocaleconomieswiththesenewimpo