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1、生态学杂志2002,21(4):51～59ChineseJournalofEcology3人工湿地处理污水的机理与效率夏汉平(中国科学院华南植物研究所生态中心,广州510650)MechanismsandEfficienciesonWastewaterTreatmentwithConstructedWetlands:AReview.XiaHanping(SouthChinaInstituteofBotany,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Guangzhou510650).ChineseJournalofEcology,2002,21(4):51～
2、59.Studiesonmechanismsandefficienciesofwastewatertreatmentwithconstructedwetland,mainlyfromdevelopedcountries,conductedmainlyinthepast2decadesarereviewed.Themechanismsofwastewatertreatmentbywetlandsareextremelycomplicated,includingaseriesofphysical,chemical,andbio2chemicalprocesses,suc
3、hasspecialandnon2specialadsorption,exchange,sedimentation,assimilation,decomposition,volatilization,andsoon.Therearelotsofcomponents,e.g.plants,soils,andmicroorganisms,inwetlandsmakingcontributionstowaterqualityimprovement.Ofallplantsinconstructedwet2lands,Phragmitescommunisisusedmostw
4、idelyandfrequently.Butwetlandscoveredbythissinglespeciesareinferiortothosecoveredbymanyspeciesincludingitandotherplantswithreferencetoremovalefficiencyofnutrientsandpollutants.Inordertoconsummatetheoriesaboutconstructedwetlandsforwastewatertreatment,andtofurtherimproveremovaleffi2cienc
5、iesofpollutantsandwetlandecosystemhealth,thefollowingresearchfieldsaresuggestedtoconsolidateorfurthercon2ductinthefuture:①deeperandmoresystemicresearchonmechanismsofwastewaterpurificationbywetlands;②studiesonsustainabledevelopmentofconstructedwetland;③experimentationonthesuitabilityofl
6、ocalandindigenouswetlandmacrophytesforremovalofnutrientsandheavymetalsfromdifferenttypesofwastewater;④explorationforbettercon2structing,maintaining,andusingmeasurestomaximizethewastewatertreatmentefficiency;⑤controllingdiseasevectorsandanimalpests,andpreventingthemfromjeopardizinghuman
7、healthandlives;and⑥ascertainingreasonsproducingnox2iousandodorousgasesandthentryingtocontrolthemeffectively.Keywords:constructedwetland,treatmentwetland,wastewaterpurification,rhizosphericmicro2system,Phragmitascommunisbed.关键词:人工湿地,处理湿地,污水净化,根际微生态系统,芦苇床中图分类号:X52文献标识码:A文章编号:1000-4890(
