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时间:2019-06-01
《三峡库区典型林分土壤抗侵蚀性能及评价_王云琦》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、第32卷第6期北京林业大学学报Vol.32,No.62010年11月JOURNALOFBEIJINGFORESTRYUNIVERSITYNov.,2010三峡库区典型林分土壤抗侵蚀性能及评价王云琦王玉杰刘楠(北京林业大学水土保持学院,水土保持与荒漠化防治教育部重点实验室)摘要:以三峡工程库区典型植被类型(针阔混交林、常绿阔叶林、楠竹林、灌木林、农地对照)为研究对象,从抗蚀性、抗冲性和抗剪性3个角度进行林地土壤抗侵蚀性能研究,并采用判断矩阵获得指标权重,用综合评分法进行评价。结果表明:土壤团聚度为三峡库区林地土壤最佳抗蚀指标;土壤团聚度平均值表现为灌木
2、林(37.2%)和农地(42.4%)最优,楠竹林(10.6%)最差,针阔混交林(26.2%)优于常绿阔叶林(19.4%)。在最易被径流冲刷的土壤A层,抗冲刷系数为:常绿阔叶林(6.933L·min/g)>灌木林(4.205L·min/g)>针阔混交林(3.783L·min/g)>农地(3.046L·min/g)>楠竹林(0.789L·min/g)。林地土壤抗剪强度指标内摩擦角以楠竹林最大(25.60°),土壤黏聚力值以灌木林最大(16.51kPa);最易发生剪切破坏的土壤层分别出现在针阔混交林的土壤AB层和B层,常绿阔叶林的土壤B层,楠竹林的土壤C层
3、,灌木林的土壤AB层,农地土壤的B层和C层。综合评价结果为:灌木林土壤抗侵蚀作用最强(得分1.50),其次为常绿阔叶林(1.43),楠竹林最差(0.69)。关键词:三峡库区;林地土壤;抗侵蚀性;评价中图分类号:S715.3文献标志码:A文章编号:1000--1522(2010)06--0054--07WANGYun-qi;WANGYu-jie;LIUNan.CapabilityofsoilerosionresistanceandevaluationonitfortypicalforestsinThreeGorgesReservoirarea.Jour
4、nalofBeijingForestryUniversity(2010)32(6)54--60[Ch,18ref.]SchoolofSoilandWaterConservation,KeyLaboratoryofSoilandWaterConservation&DesertificationCombatingofMinistryofEducation,BeijingForestryUniversity,100083,P.R.China.Thetypicalforesttypes(mixedconiferandbroadleafforest,everg
5、reenbroadleavedforest,Phyllostachyspubescensforest,shrubforest,arablelandascontrol)weretakenasobjectstostudythecapabilityofsoilerosionresistanceoftheforestfromthreeaspectsofanti-erodibility,anti-scourcapabilityandshear-resistanceability.Thejudgementmatrixwasemployedtogetweightv
6、alue,andintegrativegradeswereusedtogiveevaluation.Resultsshowedthattheaggregationdegreewastheoptimalindexforsoilanti-erodibility.Fortheaggregationdegreevalue,theoptimumvaluewasintheshrubforestland(37.2%)andarableland(42.4%),theworstvalueoccurredinP.pubescensforestwith10.6%,andt
7、hemixedconiferandbroadleafforest(26.2%)performedbetterthanevergreenbroadleavedforest(19.4%).InAhorizon,wherethewatererosioneventseasilyhappen,thesoilofevergreenbroadleavedforesthadthebestsoilanti-scourcapabilitywithanti-scourcoefficient6.933L·min/g,followedbyshrubforest(4.205L·
8、min/g),mixedforest(3.783L·min/g)andarableland(3.046L·m
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