高温蠕变与断裂评价的若干关键问题

《高温蠕变与断裂评价的若干关键问题》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。

1、万方数据第45卷第7期2009年7月第781～787页金属学跋ACTAMETALLURGICASINICAVbl．45Jul．2009NO．7PP．781—787高温蠕变与断裂评价的若干关键问题涂善东轩福贞王卫泽(华东理工大学承压系统安全科学教育部重点实验室，上海200237)摘要简要介绍了现代高温装置的发展现状，认为高温装簧的安全保障是后工业文明时代无法回避的问题．为了实现重大高温装备的设计制造和安全运行，高温下材料的寿命预测与结构失效评价是其中关键．针对基于Arrhenius方程的寿命外推方法存在的问题，提出要致力研究高温材料蠕变老化过程的

2、物理化学动力学机理；针对实际结构引入的复杂应力状态，提出应构建拘束下的高温断裂理论；针对复杂载荷和环境的影响，应建立多损伤机制下的材料一结构一体化的统一失效评价方法．关键词蠕变，断裂，老化，物理化学动力学，拘束，失效评价中图法分类号TGll3．2文献标识码A文章编号0412—1961(2009)07—0781一07SoMECRITICALISSUESINCREEPANDFRACTUREASSESSMENTj钢[’HIGHTEMPERATURETUShandong(TUShah—Tung)。XUANFuzhen,WANGWeizeKeyLabof

3、SaltyScienceofPressurizedSystem，MinistryofEducation，SchoolofMechanicalandPowerEngineering，EastChinaUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Shanghai200237Correspondent：TUShandong，professor,Tel：(Oel7影25黝25，E-mail：sttu@ecust．edu．CnSupportedbyNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofC耽nⅡ(Nos．

4、50835003and10772067)Manuscriptreceived2009-4)4-15．inrevisedform2009-町5-26ABSTRACTThepaperbriefsthecurrenttrendsoftheconstructionofhightemperatureplants．Theneedofhighere毋ciencyandlowerconsumptionofresourceshasledtohigheroperationparametersoftheplants．Itisthusbelievedthatthesa

5、fetyofhightemperatureinstallationsisacriticalissuethatCOuldhardlybecircumventedintheperiodofpost—industrialcivilization．Inordertoachieveareliabledesignandmanufactureandsafeoperationofthehightemperatureplants，80mefundamentalissuesconcerninglifepredictionandfailureassessmentsh

6、ouldbestudied．Beingawareofsomeveryslowchemicalreactionsoccurredinthehightemperaturematerialsafteracertainperiodofservicetime，itissuggestedthatthephy’sico-chemicalkineticsofthehightemperaturematerialsduringtheslowcreepprocessshouldbeestablishedSOthattheinaccuracyoflifeextrapo

7、lationtechniquesbasedontheconventionMArrheniusequationcouldbeavoided．AstheactualmaterialinacomponentisgenerallysubjectedtoacomplexstressstateandthemachiningofastandardfracturespecimenfromthecomponentiSnormallynotpossible．hightemperaturefracturetheoryunderconstraintsshouldbed

8、evelopedtoallowtheestimationoffracturepropertiesofthematerial．Furthermore，a