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1、9.2.40C.ReagentsAOACOfficialMethod993.14(a)Nitricacid(HNO3)solutions.—(1)HNO3.—Concentrated,TraceElementsinWatersandWastewatersspecificgravity1.41.(2)HNO3solution(1+1).—Add500mLInductivelyCoupledPlasma–MassSpectrometricMethodHNO3to400mLreagentwateranddiluteto1L.(3)HNO3solutionFirst
2、Action1993(1+9).—Add100mLHNO3to400mLreagentwateranddiluteto1L.(4)1%(v/v)HNO3solution.(5)2%(v/v)HNO3solution.(Applicabletodeterminationof20traceelements,atconcentrations(b)Hydrochloricacid(HCl)solutions.—(1)HCl.—Concen-of0.8–200mg/L,infinisheddrinkingwater,groundwater,andtrated,spec
3、ificgravity1.41.(2)HClsolution(1+1).—Add500mLwastewaters.)HClto400mLreagentwateranddiluteto1L.(c)Ammoniumhydroxide(NH4OH).—Concentrated,specificCaution:Thefollowingreagentsarehighlytoxic:antimony,ar-gravity0.902.senictrioxide,berylliumsulfate,cadmium,chromium(d)Tartaricacid.trioxid
4、e,leadnitrate,seleniumdioxide,thalliumnitrate,(e)Reagentwater.—ASTMtypeIwater(ASTMD1193)isanduraniumnitrate.required.Preparewaterbydistillation,polishingwithmixedbedofionexchangematerial,andfiltrationthrough0.2mmmembranefilter.Resultsofinterlaboratorystudy:(f)Standardsolutions.—Pur
5、chaseorpreparefromultraSeeTable993.14Aforinterlaboratorystudydata.high-puritychemicalsormetals(99.99–99.999%pure).Picklemet-A.Principleals(whereindicated),tocleansurfacesandreducemass,byadding³20%excessofmetaltoacid;dry,weigh,andrepeatprocessuntilMethoddescribesmultielementdetermin
6、ationoftraceelementsdesiredweightisachieved.Drysalts1hat105°C,exceptwherebyinductivelycoupledplasma–massspectrometry(ICP–MS).Ele-mentsaredigestedinanitric–hydrochloricacidsolution.Samplenoted.Usereagentwater,(e),foralldilutionsunlessotherwisespec-materialinsolutionisintroducedbypne
7、umaticnebulizationintoified.StorestocksolutionsinTeflonbottles,B(d).Accuratelyweighradiofrequencyplasmawhereenergytransferprocessescausedesol-allamountstonearest0.1mg.vation,atomization,andionization.Ionsareextractedfromplasma(1)Aluminumstocksolution(1000mgAl/mL).—PickleAlthroughdi
8、fferentiallypumpedvacuumin
