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时间:2019-05-31
《定向水力压裂控制煤矿坚硬难垮顶板试验》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、第31卷第6期岩石力学与工程学报Vol.31No.62012年6月ChineseJournalofRockMechanicsandEngineeringJune,2012定向水力压裂控制煤矿坚硬难垮顶板试验1,21,2冯彦军,康红普(1.天地科技股份有限公司开采设计事业部,北京100013;2.煤炭科学研究总院开采设计研究分院,北京100013)摘要:针对煤矿坚硬难垮顶板控制的研究现状及存在的问题,进行定向水力压裂控制煤矿坚硬难垮顶板井下试验。通过在压裂孔两侧布置监测孔和在压裂过程中实时监测泵压变化,深入分析煤矿坚硬难垮顶板水力压裂特点。试验结果表明:(1)KZ54型切槽钻头能够在坚
2、硬岩层中预制横向切槽,可有效降低裂缝破裂所需压力;(2)采用跨式膨胀型封隔器可对岩层坚硬段分段逐次压裂,压裂过程中可在顶板中产生多条裂缝,从而有效弱化顶板;(3)随着压裂处与孔口距离的增大,裂缝破裂和扩展所需的压力也相应增大,裂缝的扩展半径最大可达20m;(4)在压裂过程中,由于岩层均匀性、渗透性、地应力场、岩层结构面等影响因素的变化,压力–时间曲线呈现出多种形态;(5)岩石抗拉强度与地应力值较为接近时,岩石强度对水力压裂有较大影响。关键词:采矿工程;坚硬难垮顶板;定向水力压裂;裂缝扩展;井下试验中图分类号:TD32文献标识码:A文章编号:1000–6915(2012)06–1148
3、–08TESTONHARDANDSTABLEROOFCONTROLBYMEANSOFDIRECTIONALHYDRAULICFRACTURINGINCOALMINE1,21,2FENGYanjun,KANGHongpu(1.MiningandDesigningDepartment,TiandiScienceandTechnologyCo.,Ltd.,Beijing100013,China;2.CoalMiningandDesignBranch,ChinaCoalResearchInstitute,Beijing100013,China)Abstract:Inviewoftherese
4、archsituationandexistingproblemsinvolvedwiththehardandstableroofcontrolincoalmine,thetestofdirectionalhydraulicfracturingemployedfortheroofcontrolispresented;thecharacteristicsofhydraulicfracturingintheroofareobtainedviathemonitoringboreholesdecoratedonbothsidesofthefracturingboreholeandthepres
5、surerecordduringhydraulicfracturing.Thetestresultsshowthat:(1)ThetransversenotchisintroducedsuccessfullyintheroofbymeansofKZ54drillandiscapableofreducingthepressurerequiredforcrackbreakdownduringthedirectionalhydraulicfracturing.(2)Theinflatablestraddlepackeradoptedforholesealingensuresthestepw
6、isefracturinginthehardstrata,thestepwisefracturingcancreatemultiplecracksintheroof,whichultimatelyweakensthehardstrata.(3)Thebreakdownpressureandpropagationpressurechangeinproportiontothedepthoffracturinglocation;thecrackcanpropagatetoalargescoperadiusof20mapproximately.(4)Thepressureversustime
7、curveisrecordedandpresentsavarietyofformspotentiallyrelatedtotherockuniformity,permeability,geostressfieldandrockstructuresurface.(5)Therockstrengthisthemainfactorthatcontrolsthefracturingprocesswhenthevaluesofgeostressandrocktens
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