美国石棉公害应急措施法及石棉的分析鉴定方法(苏树春, Shu-Chun Su)2013-07-17

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1、AsbestosHazardsPublicPoliciesAsbestosHazards,PublicPoliciesAndAnalyticalMethodsIntheUSAIntheUSA美国石棉公害,公共对策及分析鉴定方法Shu-ChunSu苏树春shuchunsu@gmail.com13911961975NVLAP(NationalVoluntaryLaboratoryAccreditationProgram)NIST(NationalInstituteofStandardsandTechnology)Gaithe

2、rsburg,MarylandUSA2013年7月17日北京·中材地质工程勘查研究院与石棉有关的疾病Asbestos-RelatedDiseasesMesothelioma间皮瘤LungCancerLungCancer肺癌CancersoftheGastrointestinalTractandLarynx肠胃及咽喉癌Asbestosis石棉沉着病BenignPleuralDisorders良性胸膜紊乱症July17,20132石棉的主要用途MajorApplicationsforAsbestosFireres

3、iitstanttfbifabrics防火布Insulation绝热材料Steamandwaterpipes蒸汽管道,水管Boilers锅炉Fireprooforacousticspray防火涂层,隔音涂层Ceilingtiles天花板材Frictionmaterials耐磨材料Brakelinings刹车片Clutchfacings离合器片3July17,2013石棉的主要用途MajorApplicationsforAsbestosMajorApplicationsforAsbestos(continu

4、ed)RifReinforcementtfofcomposititemattilerials复合材料增强剂Asbestos-cement(AC)waterpipes石棉水泥管Roofingandsidingmaterials屋顶,墙板材料Vinylfloortiles塑料地砖Gasketmaterial垫圈材料AutomobilesWatersystemsFiltrationmaterialsformanufacturingindustries制造业用过滤器材料Chemical化工Beverages

5、DrugsJuly17,20134空气,饮水及建筑材料中允许最高含量PermittedAsbestosExposureLevelsPermittedAsbestosExposureLevels•Air<每毫升010.1根纤维•0.1f/cc(OSHA29CFR1910.1001;1926.1101)•SchoolBuildings(afterabatement)•<70s/mm2(>1200Liters;25mmfilter;Average5inside)•Nomorethanoutsideair(Z-test)•Dri

6、nkingwater饮用水<每立升7百万根(>10微米)•7MFL7MFL(millionfibersperliter)offibers(millionfibersperliter)offibers>10m•Buildingandinsulationmaterials,Waste,Products•建筑,绝缘材料,废料,制品<1%(重量)•<1%wtJuly17,20135与石棉有关的法规AbtAsbestos-RltdLRelatedLaws/R/RegulltiationsAsbestosHazardsEmerg

7、encyResponseAct(AHERA)1985石棉公害应急措施法•AllPublicSchools所有公立学校•SurveyofACM(asbestos-containingmaterials)•>1%wt>1%wt普查建筑物是否有“含石棉材料”•Abatement清除ACM•Post-abatementmonitoring清除后监测SafeWaterDrinkingAct1986安全饮水法CleanAirAct1990清洁空气法July17,20136与石棉清除有关的行业AsbestosAbatementAs

8、bestosAbatement-RelatedIndustriesRelatedIndustriesConsulting咨询Abatement清除Analysis分析BulkasbestosanalysisbyPLM(~300laboratories)用偏光显微镜分析块状样品（约300个实验室）Airborneasb