雅思入门基础 GRAMMAR 字体缩小版

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1、句子的基本结构：主谓Thesunrises.主谓宾Thesunlovesthemoon.主谓宾宾Thesuntellsthemoonastory.主系表Thesunisstrong.主谓宾补Themoonconsidersthesunvulgar.（补语的形式）（见补语的形式文档）表达意义更加精确基本结构+附属成分2.时态/语态/情态(1)基本结构+附属成分定语，状语定语：状语：附属成分Thefaded定语flowerscoveredtheground.凋零的花铺满大地。Isawhiminthepart.状语(2)时态/语态/情态常用时态：不同谓语形式体现时态上的差别一般现在：（1）主

2、语+动词Heoftengoesshopping.否定:主语+do/does+not+动词Hedoesnotgoshopping.（2）主语+beSheisgorgeous.否定：主语+be+notSheisnotgorgeous.一般将来IwillgotoShanghaiforbusinesstomorrow.否定：主语+will+not+动词IwillnotgotoShanghaiforbusinesstomorrow.一般过去：Hefailedintheexam.Iwasillyesterday.否定形式：主+didnot+动词Hedidnotfallintheexam.主+was

3、/werenot+动词Iwasnotillyesterday.现在进行：Thespringiscoming.Thespringisnotcoming现在完成：Ihavefixedthecomputerforthegirl.Ihavenotbeenabroad.语态：被动语态：谓语体现时态上的差别(被动语态，不突出动作的发出者，更加客观，更加简洁)（谓语的形式：be+done）寺庙始建于1863年。Thetemplewasbuiltin1863.ParentalDiscretionisadvised事故中200人丧生。200peoplewerekilledintheaccident.Mi

4、ssLeelovesherstudentsandislovedbyherstudents.名词性句子：目的：完整具体的表达句子意义（不通过改变谓语）句子====è名词中文：凤姐很美是不可能的。A:Sisterphoenixisbeautiful.B:sthisimpossible.Sisterphoenixisbeautiful.(句子)thatsisterphoenixisbeautiful(名词)Thatsisterphoenixisbeautifulisimpossible.完整的句子前+that（语法上：名词化/意义上：无意义）价格上涨让我难受。Thepricewillrise

5、.Thatthepricewillrisemakesmerestless.(*Itmakesmesadthatthepricewillrise.)ThatDanielwumarriedLisa.ThatDanielwumarriedLisabrokemyheart.ItbrokemyheartthatDanielwumarriedlisa.（that,when,how,why,where,if,whether）Wherepricesroseisuncertain.Idonotknowsth.Idonotknowwhetheryouloveme.ThisplaceiswhereImeth

6、eryesterday.杭州是我邂逅林志玲的地方。HangzhouiswhereIbrieflyencounteredLinZhilin.ThisiswhyIwillspendallmylifeinlovingyou.Sheislivingahappylife.Sth.Makessb.Content.Thatsheislivingahappylifemakeshimcontent.Itmakeshimcontentthatsheislivingahappylife.Heaskedifhisoperationwassuccessful.HowBillwonthepriceisunknow

7、n.Idonotknowwhyhedidnotgotoschool.Ithinkthatyoushouldreadthisbook.Hesaidthathecouldfinishhisworkbeforesupper.Hesuggestedthatweshouldcleanthewindow.Hetoldmethathewouldleavetomorrow.Nooneknowshowheheardthenews.Ihavenotdecidedw