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1、生物多样性2009,17(3):303–309doi:10.3724/SP.J.1003.2009.08339BiodiversitySciencehttp://www.biodiversity-science.net·研究简报·椒江口滩涂大型底栖动物群落格局与多样性*赵永强曾江宁高爱根陈全震廖一波寿鹿(国家海洋局第二海洋研究所,国家海洋局海洋生态系统与生物地球化学重点实验室,杭州310012)摘要:为了解椒江口滩涂大型底栖动物群落格局与多样性,揭示其对环境变化的响应规律,作者于2007年10月、2008年1月、4月和7月在椒江口
2、南岸和北岸潮间带,沿河流到海洋方向共布设6条采样断面进行大型底栖动物调查。分析了大型底栖动物种类组成、栖息密度和生物量的时空变化特征,在此基础上运用α,β和γ多样性测度方法对大型底栖动物多样性进行分析,同时探讨了大型底栖动物群落结构对环境变化的响应方向及程度,结果显示:(1)6条断面共记录到大型底栖动物78种,总种数随季节变化显著,在空间上沿河流到海洋方向呈升高趋势;(2)栖息密度的季节变化不显著(P=0.145>0.05),但空间变化显著(P=0.017<0.05),生物量的季节变化显著(P=0.012<0.05),空间变化极显
3、著(P=0.004<0.01);(3)β和γ多样性指数定量显示了椒江河口区域滩涂环境的多变性和大型底栖动物群落的多样性和更替性。关键词:河口,底栖生物,环境变化,α多样性,β多样性,γ多样性Communitypatternanddiversityofmacrozoobenthosinanintertidalflat,JiaojiangEstuaryYongqiangZhao,JiangningZeng,AigenGao,QuanzhenChen*,YiboLiao,LuShouLaboratoryofMarineEcosystem
4、andBiogeochemistry,SecondInstituteofOceanography,StateOceanicAdministration,Hangzhou310012Abstract:InordertounderstandthecommunitypatternanddiversityofmacrozoobenthosinanintertidalflatoftheJiaojiangEstuary,andtorevealtheresponseofmacrozoobenthostoenvironmentalchange,w
5、ede-signedsixintertidalsamplingtransectsalongthebanksoftheJiaojiangEstuary,inOctober2007,January,April,andJuly2008,respectively.Temporalandspatialvariationofspeciescomposition,density,andbio-massofmacrozoobenthoswererecordedandanalyzed;furthermore,α,βandγdiversityindi
6、ceswereappliedtomeasurethebiodiversityofmacrozoobenthosinthestudyarea.Theresponseofmacrozoobenthostoenvi-ronmentalchangewasalsostudied.Themainresultswereasfollows:(1)Atotalof78macrozoobenthosspe-cieswererecorded.Therewasasignificantseasonalvariationofmacrozoobenthossp
7、ecies.Besides,thespe-ciesnumberhasanincreasingtrendfromrivertoseainbothbanks.(2)Macrozoobenthosdensitydemon-stratedinsignificantseasonalvariationbutsignificantspatialvariation,whereasbiomassdidnotvarysignifi-cantlybothseasonallyandspatially.(3)βandγbiodiversityindices
8、showedthattheenvironmentwaschan-gableandthecommunitypatternandbiotopeofmacrozoobenthoswerediversified.Keywords:estuary,benth
