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1、Unit4Grammar定语从句(1)---关系代词一、leadin①Icanseeaboy.②Theboyisreadingunderthetree.合并这两个句子：Icanseeaboyisreadingunderthetree.二、定语从句的相关概念1、复合句：复合句是相对于简单句来说的，简单句是只有一个谓语动词的句子，而复合句是由两个或两个以上的谓语动词够成的。复合句又分为并列复合句和主从复合句。并列句是由and,but,or等并列连词来连接的句子。而主从复合句是由从属连词来连接的句子，包括主从
2、，宾从，表从，定从，状从，同位语从句等。Eg:Heisastudent.（简单句Heisagoodstudentsothatwealllikehim.(复合句)Ihopeyouwillsucceed.Ithinkyouareright.2、定从的四句话：①在复合句中作定语，修饰某一个名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。②先行词：被定语从句修饰的那个名词或代词叫做先行词。③关系词：关系词由关系代词和关系副词来引导。④句型:可分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。Eg:(1)Iseeagirlwhoiscryin
3、g.(2)Hewhodoesn’treachtheGreatWallisn’tagoodman.3、定从的两个表格：表一：（关系代词）关系代词作用whowhomwhosethatwhich指代作用人人人/物人/物物在句中成分主、宾、表（少）宾定主、宾主、宾表二：（关系副词）作用关系副词代替作用在句中成分when时间：（介词+which）时间状语where地点：（介词+which）地点状语why原因：（介词+which）原因状语一、真题演练1.Theprizewillgotothewriterstorys
4、howsthemostimagination.(2011,全国)A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.who2.theoldsmalltownhasnarrowstreetsandsmallhousesarebuiltclosetoeachother.(2011.山东)A.theyB.whereC.whatD.that3.Asachild,Jackstudiedinavillageschool,isnamedafterhisgrandfather.(2010,全国卷I)A.whichB.where
5、C.whatD.that4.Englishisalanguagesharedbyseveraldiversculture,eachofusesitsomewhatdifferently.(2011,浙江)A.whichB.whatC.themD.those5.Theprofessoryouarewaitingforhascome.A.whomB.whichC.whatD.he四、定语从句的做题步骤：①先判断是否是定语从句（从定义）【定定从】②找先行词（名词或代词）③明确从句所缺成分（主、宾、表、定或状）
6、④定关系词（主、宾、表、定关系代词，状语关系副词）五、注意事项：（一）只用that不用which的情况①当先行词为不定代词时（something,someone,anyone等）②当先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时③当先行词前有序数词修饰时④当先行词既有人又有物时⑤当先行词前有thevery,theonly,thelast,just,no,little,few等时⑥当主句是以who,which开头的疑问句时⑦当主句是therebe结构时（二）只用which不用that的情况①前有介词②非限制性定语从句③先行
7、词是that时④有两个定语从句，一个用that,一个用which六、Exercises（1）.改写下列句子(合并)。1、Ihaveafriend.Helikeslisteningtoclassicalmusic.2.YesterdayEmilywaswearingthenewdress.Igaveittoher.3.Thestudent’sarticlewaspublished.Iknowthestudent.4.BettyisstudyingEnglishverywell.Shehasneverbee
8、nabroad.5.Mygrandparentsliveinahouse.Itismorethan10yearsold.(2)改错1.Chinaisacountrywhohasalonghistory.2.ThewomanwhomlikesmusicalwaysgoestoCDshop.3.Hehaslittletimewhichhecanspare.(抽出时间)4.TheyvisitedBeijingwhereisthecapitalof
